Escherichia coli O104: H4

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Escherichia coli EHEC O104: H4 is a rare hybrid strain of the bacterium Escherichia coli from the enteroaggregative Escherichia coli EAEC O104: H4 and an EHEC strain.

As a pathogen, it is related to the 2011 HUS epidemic . The "O" in the serological classification stands for the lipopolysaccharide antigen of the cell wall, while the "H" stands for the flagella antigen.

Development of the pathogenic strain EHEC O104: H4

The DNA sequencing carried out by the BGI confirmed that the pathogen is 90% identical to enteroaggregative Escherichia coli EAEC O104: H4. How it came about is not fully understood and there are two different hypotheses. Various authors see the development as a result of transduction via horizontal gene transfer using bacteriophages in African EAEC O104: H4. As a result, this EAEC strain is said to have acquired the property of producing Shiga toxins . An alternative view assumes that a previously unknown Shiga-2-positive O104: H4 strain exists, of which both the pathogenic EHEC O104: H4 and also derived from the non-pathogenic EAEC O104: H4.

Properties of the pathogenic EHEC O104: H4

Genome assembly and copy number analysis both confirmed that the Shiga toxin 2 (stx2) prophage gene cluster is present in twice the number of copies and is thus the distinguishing feature of the genome of E. coli strain O104: H4.

The strain is characterized by the following gene markers :

There is a case definition for diseases caused by the epidemic strain O104: H4 Shiga toxin 2 producing E. coli for monitoring measures within the framework of the integrated EU concept for food safety of the European Commission . The E. coli serovar O104: H4 stx2 was first isolated and described in 2001 and discussed in 2006 in connection with a woman's disease in South Korea.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Helge Karch : EHEC O104: H4 and the consequences . In: Biospektrum , 6/2011, October 2001, pp. 616–620.
  2. ^ BGI Sequences Genome of the Deadly E. coli in Germany and Reveals New Super-Toxic Strain . BGI . June 2, 2011. Retrieved June 2, 2011.
  3. ↑ David Tribe: BGI Sequencing news: German EHEC strain is a chimera created by horizontal gene transfer . June 2, 2011. Archived from the original on May 27, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 2, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.biofortified.org
  4. ↑ Maev Kennedy and agencies: E. coli outbreak: WHO says bacterium is a new strain . guardian.co.uk. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
  5. ↑ A. Mellmann, D. Harmsen, CA Cummings et al .: Prospective genomic characterization of the German enterohaemorhagic Escherichia coli O104: H4 outbreak by next generation sequencing technologies. PloS One 6: e22751.
  6. ↑ BGI releases the complete map of the Germany E. coli O104 genome and attributed the strain as a category of Shiga toxin-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (STpEAEC) . BGI . June 16, 2011. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
  7. ↑ a b Copy number analysis of German outbreak strain E. Coli EHEC O104: H4 . University of Linz . June 11, 2011. Retrieved June 15, 2011.
  8. ↑ Laboratory information on the EHEC outbreak strain . Robert Koch Institute . June 1, 2011. Retrieved June 17, 2011.
  9. ↑ a b Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O104: H4: a first bacteriological brief portrait (PDF; 33 kB) Federal Institute for Risk Assessment . June 7, 2011. Retrieved June 17, 2011.
  10. ↑ The integrated EU approach to food safety . Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 23, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ec.europa.eu
  11. ↑ EU case definition for diarrheal diseases and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), caused by the epidemic strain O104: H4 Shiga toxin 2 producing Escherichia coli (STEC) (PDF; 21 kB) European Commission . June 3, 2011. Archived from the original on January 19, 2016. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 17, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ec.europa.eu
  12. ↑ WK Bae, YK Lee, MS Cho, SK Ma, SW Kim, NH, Kim et al .: A case of haemolytic uremic syndrome caused by Escherichia coli O104: H4 . In: Yonsei Medical Journal . 47, No. 3, June 30, 2006, pp. 473-9. doi : 10.3349 / ymj.2006.47.3.437 . PMID 16807997 .