Eucalyptus aggregata

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Eucalyptus aggregata
Systematics
Order : Myrtle-like (Myrtales)
Family : Myrtle family (Myrtaceae)
Subfamily : Myrtoideae
Tribe : Eucalypteae
Genre : Eucalyptus ( eucalyptus )
Type : Eucalyptus aggregata
Scientific name
Eucalyptus aggregata
H.Deane & Maiden

Eucalyptus aggregata is a species ofthe myrtle family (Myrtaceae). It occurs in the middle and southern section of the Great Dividing Range in the east of New South Wales and in the south of Victoria and is there "Black Gum", "Sally", "Messmate", "Peppermint", "Swamp Peppermint" or "Flooded" Gum "called.

description

Appearance and leaf

Eucalyptus aggregata grows as a tree that can reach heights of up to 18 or 20 meters. It forms a lignotuber . The bark remains on the entire tree, is gray to gray-black and fibrous-lumpy with white spots. It is smooth on the smaller branches (diameter <8 cm). The bark of the small branches is green. There are oil glands in the bark, but not in the marrow of the young branches.

In Eucalyptus aggregata , heterophyllia is present. The leaves are always divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. On young specimens, the leaf blade is 4 to 7 cm long and 1.5 to 3 cm wide, elliptical, ovate, broadly lanceolate or lanceolate with a smooth or wavy blade edge and dull green. On middle-aged specimens, the leaf blade is about 10 cm long and about 3 cm wide, elliptical, ovate or broadly lanceolate, straight, with entire margins, and dull green. The leaf stalks on adult specimens are 4 to 10 mm long. The leaf blade on adult specimens is glossy green on the top and bottom and is 5 to 12 cm long and 1 to 2.5 cm wide, narrow-lanceolate to lanceolate, relatively thick, straight, tapering towards the base of the blade and has a round top. The side nerves, which are barely recognizable, extend from the middle nerve at medium intervals at an acute or very acute angle. The so-called intermarginal nerves, which run parallel to the leaf margin, can run along the leaf margin or be clearly separated from it, sometimes they are also present twice. There are oil glands on the leaf surfaces. The cotyledons ( cotyledons ) are upside-kidney-shaped.

Inflorescence and flower

On the side of a 1 to 5 mm long and pedicled inflorescence stem, there are about seven flowers together in a simple, unbranched inflorescence . The flower stalks, if present, are up to 2 mm long and stalk-round. The green or yellow and not blue-green floured or frosted flower buds are egg-shaped with a length of 3 to 5 mm and a diameter of 2 to 3 mm. The sepals form a calyptra that falls off early. The smooth calyptra is hemispherical or conical, shorter, as long or twice as long as the smooth flower cup (hypanthium) and as wide as this. The flowers are white or creamy white.

Fruit and seeds

With a length of 2 to 4 mm and a diameter of 3 to 5 mm, the fruit is hemispherical, conical or inverted-conical and three- to fourfold. The disc is flat or slightly raised, the fruit compartments stick out.

The seeds are ovate or flattened ovate with a length of 1.2 to 2 mm, often pointed at one end, sometimes also grooved. The gray-brown seed coat is smooth on the back. The hilum is in the middle.

Occurrence and endangerment

The natural range of Eucalyptus aggregata is the northern and middle section of the Great Dividing Range in New South Wales , south of Bathurst. There is also an isolated occurrence at Woodend, north of Melbourne in Victoria .

Eucalyptus aggregata often grows locally in grassy, ​​light forest by watercourses and on wide, cold plains, often together with Eucalyptus rubida , Eucalyptus viminalis , Eucalyptus stellulata , Eucalyptus dives and Eucalyptus pauciflora . Poa labillardieri and Joycea pallida are often found in the grassy undergrowth in the woods . Eucalyptus aggregata is also found in depressions in which the frost lasts for a particularly long time and at altitudes above 700 meters with heavy frosts and snow in winter .

Today, Eucalyptus aggregata is only distributed in places, as most of its original range was cleared and is now used for agriculture. Most of the population of around 6,300 to 8,100 adult trees that still exists today is dispersed. Your seedlings cannot prevail against the surrounding "weeds". The hybridization with Eucalyptus viminalis and Eucalyptus dives threaten the continued existence of Eucalyptus aggregata . The global warming makes for an earlier warming the frosty valleys, in the Eucalyptus aggregata thrives. The scientific commission of the "Department of Environment and Heritage of New South Wales" has proposed the classification of Eucalyptus aggregata as "vulnerable" = "endangered".

Systematics

The first description of Eucalyptus aggregata was made in 1900 by Henry Deane and Joseph Maiden in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales , Volume 24 (4), p 614. This type of material has the caption " Wallerawang (HD); Rydal (JHM); Jenolan Caves (W. Blakely); near Orange, on the Cadia-road, which remains is most western locality at present (RH Cambage); Rockley and Burraga (RHC). It has not been recorded north of Sydney, and its southern localities are Nimbo Station, head of the Queanbeyan River, also Crookwell (HD) and Fagan's Creek, Braidwood district (Mr W. Bäuerlen, communicated by Mr RT Baker) ”. The specific epithet aggregata is derived from the Latin word "aggregatus" for grouped, which refers to the fruits. A synonym for Eucalyptus aggregata H.Deane & Maiden is Eucalyptus rydalensis R.T.Baker & HGSm.

Eucalyptus aggregata forms natural hybrids with Eucalyptus viminalis and Eucalyptus dives .

use

The wood of Eucalyptus aggregata is very soft and is used exclusively as firewood. However, Eucalyptus aggregata grows in areas in which only a few other tree species thrive, and with its dense crown it serves as a good source of shade. The leaves are used as animal feed.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Specimen search results: Eucalyptus aggregata at Australia's Virtual Herbarium. Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria . Retrieved April 9, 2013
  2. a b c d e APNI = Australian Plant Name Index . Center for Plant Biodiversity Research. Australian Government. Retrieved April 9, 2013
  3. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n K. Hill: Eucalyptus aggregata (H.Deane & Maiden) at New South Wales Flora Online . National Herbarium of NSW, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved April 9, 2013
  4. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Eucalyptus aggregata at EUCLID: Eucalypts of Southern Australia by MIH Brooker, AV Slee & JR Connors. Retrieved April 9, 2013
  5. ^ A b Richard Major: Eucalyptus aggregata - proposed vulnerable species listing . In: Environment & Heritage . New South Wales Government. February 28, 2011. Retrieved April 9, 2013.
  6. ^ A b Rodger W. Elliot, David L. Jones, Trevor Blake: Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation. Volume 4: Eu – Go. Lothian Press, Port Melbourne 1992, ISBN 0-85091-213-X , p. 16. The author of the article had the source in the en-Wikipedia.
  7. Entry in Tropicos . Retrieved April 9, 2013
  8. Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Eucalyptus aggregata. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 9, 2013.