Eurranthis plummistaria

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Eurranthis plummistaria
Eurranthis plummistaria, male

Eurranthis plummistaria , male

Systematics
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Spanner (Geometridae)
Subfamily : Ennominae
Tribe : Boarmiini
Genre : Eurranthis
Type : Eurranthis plummistaria
Scientific name
Eurranthis plummistaria
( de Villers , 1789)

Eurranthis plummistaria is a butterfly ( moth ) fromthe Spanner family (Geometridae). The name Bunter Kräutertrockenhalden-Backenkleespanner (Bergmann) did not find its way into the literature.

features

butterfly

The male moths have a wingspan of 35 to 40 millimeters, the females 32 to 40 millimeters. The drawing and coloring are highly variable; hardly any specimen is exactly like another. The basic color varies from whitish to yellowish. Three transverse lines are usually indicated on this background, the inner transverse line, the center line and the outer transverse line, but these are very irregular and can run into one another. The wavy line is usually indicated as a row of dots. There are other smaller spots in the fields between the transverse lines. The hind wings usually have a yellowish base color, even if the front wings have a whitish base color. There are one or two transverse lines and a discal spot. Another transverse line is indicated by a row of dots in the border area. The male has antennae like a feather, the female has thread-like antennae.

Egg, caterpillar and pupa

The egg is rounded and cylindrical, whereby the end with the micropyle is slightly narrower. The longitudinal ribs are only clearly developed in the middle, otherwise only weak. The transverse ribs are generally only weakly pronounced, often with nodules at the intersection with the longitudinal ribs.

The dirty yellow caterpillar is smooth and cylindrical. It has fine, dark transverse rows of dots and orange-red side dorsal spots. A band around the neck is also colored orange-red. The back line is broken up into dark diamonds, the thin side back lines are reddish in color. The white and yellow side stripes are wavy and narrow.

The brown doll has two diverging tips on the cremaster .

Geographical distribution and habitat

The species is common in the border of the western Mediterranean: Morocco, Algeria, Iberian Peninsula, southern France (departments Alpes-de-Haute-Provence , Drôme , Vaucluse and Hérault , Ardèche and Isère ,) and Italy (western part of Liguria ). Forster & Wohlfahrt (1973) mention the occurrence in southern Switzerland. However, the examples shown are from Oraison (Dépt. Alpes-de-Haute-Provence). The occurrence in southern Switzerland must be interpreted as an error. The species was also reported from Baden-Württemberg and Thuringia. In these cases, too, an error or possibly imported specimens must be assumed.

The species lives in the garrigue , in sparse forests with small grassland clearings, dry grass fringes, rocky slopes and other locations, wherever the host plant grows. It occurs from the coast up to 800 meters above sea level (up to 1000 meters).

Way of life

Eurranthis plummistaria forms two generations in southern France and only one generation in Italy. In the south of France, the moths fly from March to June and then again from August to September. In southern Spain they fly from February to April. However, a second generation does not seem to be being trained everywhere in France either. The moths are diurnal. During the day, the males fly unsteadily through their territory, while the females tend to sit in the vegetation and only fly short distances. The eggs are laid directly on the host plant or on parts of the plant in the immediate vicinity. The caterpillars feed mainly on cheek clover ( Dorycnium pentaphyllum ). They are nocturnal and hide in the cheek-clover plants during the day. The pupa hibernates.

Systematics and taxonomy

The species was first scientifically described by Charles Joseph de Villers in 1789. Two subspecies are recognized by Leraut (2009):

  • Eurranthis plummistaria plummistaria , the nominate subspecies
  • Eurranthis plummistaria atlanticaria Le Cerf, 1923, North Africa, dusty white, the male genitalia differ from the nominate subspecies

Leraut also differentiates between the following forms:

  • all four wings are largely darkened: f. auritaria Huebner, 1813
  • Fore wing black to the inner transverse line and then again from the outer transverse line to the wavy line: f. confluens Oberthür, 1878
  • the black parts are greatly reduced: f. albicans Oberthür, 1878
  • Fore wing white, only wing veins and outer edges are yellow: f. albosignata Neuburger, 1907.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Arno Bergmann: The large butterflies of Central Germany. Volume 5/2: Spanner. Distribution, forms and communities. Urania-Verlag, Jena 1955, DNB 450378411 , pp. 957-958.
  2. ↑ a b c Leraut (2009: p. 204)
  3. ↑ a b c Forster & Wohlfahrt (1973: p. 286)
  4. ↑ [1]
  5. ^ Roland Bérard, Jacques Bordon, Claude Colomb, Michel Savourey, Cédric Audibert, Yves Rozier, Joël Clary: Les Macrohétérocères de la Région Rhône-Alpes. Les cahiers du Musée des Confluences - Études scientifiques, 2010 (1): 9–42 ( PDF  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove it Note. )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.museedesconfluences.fr  
  6. ↑ Ebert et al. (2003: p. 457/8)
  7. ↑ a b c pyrgus.de - Butterflies and their ecology
  8. ↑ José Enrique Tormo, Baldomero Muñoz: Guía ilustrada de los lepidópteros nocturnos de la provincia de Alicante. 223 p., Instituto de Cultura Juan Gil-Albert, Diputación de Alicante, Alicante 1995 ISBN 8477841586
  9. ^ Charles Joseph de Villers: Caroli Linnaei: Entomologia, faunæ Suecicæ descriptionibus aucta; DD Scopoli, Geoffroy, de Geer, Fabricii, Cabinet, etc. speciebus vel in Systemate non enumeratis, vel nuperrime detectis, vel speciebus Galliæ Australis locupletata, generum specierumque rariorum iconibus ornata. Lugduni / Lyon, Piestre et Delamolliere, 1789. Online at Google Books (p. 326)

literature

  • Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 9 (Spanner (Geometridae) 2nd part), Nachtfalter VII. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3279-6 .
  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 .
  • Patrice Leraut: Geometrid moths . In: Moths of Europe . 1st edition. Volume II. NAP Editions, 2009, ISBN 978-2-913688-09-4 (English).

Web links

Commons : Eurranthis plummistaria  - album with pictures, videos and audio files