Ferdinand Benjamin Busch

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Ferdinand Benjamin Busch (born August 19, 1797 in Arnstadt , † August 14, 1876 in Sondershausen ) was a high-ranking lawyer in the Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen and the author of legal and bee studies.

family

Busch's father was the Lutheran pastor and publicist Gabriel Christoph Benjamin Busch (1759–1823) in Arnstadt, a son of the Arnstadt clergyman Johann Benjamin Busch (1727–1802). His mother was Johanne Friederike Antonie geb. Henckel (1755–1811), daughter of the doctor Johann Christoph Henckel. Busch had no siblings.

He married Amalie Lazer (born March 21, 1802 in Markwerben ) on June 22, 1823 , daughter of Christian Gottfried Lazer. The couple had three children. The older daughter Johanna Gabriele Friederike (* July 12, 1824 in Arnstadt, † April 20, 1920 in Sondershausen) married Günther Keyser (1820–1874) , who later became the public prosecutor and director of the district court in Sondershausen . This marriage came from Busch's only grandchild, the writer Stefanie Keyser (1847–1926) .

Busch's younger daughter Emilie (born October 26, 1826 in Arnstadt, † September 21, 1860 in Sondershausen) was active as a writer. She died young after being ill for a long time.

The son Hermann (born December 21, 1828 in Arnstadt, † April 30, 1902 in Sondershausen) studied law in Leipzig and Heidelberg after graduating from high school in 1847. After several years with the Sondershäuser District Administrator, he was at the district court in Sondershausen from mid-1868, initially as an assessor, from 1870 as a councilor. In 1876 he took over his father's legal journal (see below). In 1878 he himself founded a magazine for German civil trials . In October 1879 he was transferred to the new regional court in Erfurt. In December 1888 he retired and moved back to Sondershausen.

job

After graduating from high school in 1814, Busch began studying law in Jena and continued it in Leipzig. It was there that “his lively enthusiasm for law developed”; Christian Gottlieb Haubold in particular "had a powerfully stimulating effect on him". At Easter 1817 he returned to Arnstadt and established himself as a lawyer. He soon entered the civil service. From 1823 he was official commissioner, then official assessor in the justice office, from 1830 with the title council . 1831–39 he was a member of the government in Arnstadt as a government and consistorial councilor with voting rights; in doing so, he made an outstanding contribution to schools.

At the end of 1839 Busch was appointed to the Secret Council College in Sondershausen as a Real Cabinet Councilor. Until mid-1839, this committee consisted of two long-standing administrative officials, Günther von Ziegeler (1775–1853) from Sondershausen and Wilhelm von Kauffberg (1773–1846) from Arnstadt, and the lawyer Friedrich Chop (1801–1875) , with von Ziegeler as' conductor '. Chop went to the Higher Appeal Court in Zerbst at the end of 1839 ; Busch took his place. In addition to various official government work, the college had the task of developing a contemporary constitution for the principality. With Busch's cooperation, this goal was achieved in 1841. At the end of March, von Ziegeler retired and von Kauffberg took over the management; The lawyer Karl Pietzker joined the committee in mid-April. The birthday of the prince published on September 4, 1841 State Constitution is therefore of v. Kauffberg, Busch and Pietzker countersigned.

In connection with the Basic Law, the establishment of a state judicial college in Arnstadt as the highest judicial authority in the state was announced on April 1, 1842. This was a first step towards separating the judiciary and the administration. Busch was installed as president of this college.

On July 1, 1850, Busch was transferred to the new Court of Appeal in Eisenach as Vice President . As he became increasingly ill, he applied for retirement after the death of his daughter Emilie, which was approved on November 1, 1860. The Busch couple then moved to Sondershausen near their son and daughter, Friederike Keyser, who was married there.

In October 1864, Busch was appointed a member of the Higher Disciplinary Court for disciplinary investigations against teachers, superintendents and members of the consistory.

In his retirement, Busch's journalistic activity continued. He had published a large number of legal essays and several books since about 1827. Now in Sondershausen in 1862 he founded a magazine ( archive for theory and practice, etc. ), and he acted as its editor. By the beginning of the 1870s at the latest, he received increasing help from his son Hermann and his son-in-law Günther Keyser (both working at the Sondershausen District Court); In 1874 he officially added her to the editorial team.

In 1853, Busch became a knight of the 1st Division of the Grand Ducal House Order of Vigilance or of the White Falcon of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach. On the occasion of his retirement he became commander of the same order and received the Schwarzburg Cross of Honor, 1st class. Around the end of 1867, the law faculty of the University of Jena awarded him an honorary doctorate in law.

Civic engagement

In his Arnstadt years, Busch was actively involved in the life of the citizenry. He was one of ten citizens who founded a savings bank on May 3, 1825, the first banking institute in Arnstadt. Their goal - worked out in close cooperation with the city administration and the state government - was of a socio-political nature: to give the ordinary citizens of the city a comfortable and safe opportunity to build up a small amount of capital. The founders were also on the Sparkasse's board of directors for many years. The chairmanship changed; Busch acted e.g. B. 1827/28 as a 'conductor'.

When Arnstadt received a new municipal constitution in 1830, Busch became one of 40 city councilors. This activity ended when, in January 1832, another (provisional) new city ordinance came into force.

When the Arnstadt Trade Association was founded on March 8, 1836 after long preparations, Busch made himself available for the board.

In the revolutionary spring of 1848 , Busch, together with other dignitaries, founded a citizens' association in Arnstadt on April 20 , which was to serve as a forum for opinion- forming and an actor vis-à-vis the authorities. The initially keen interest of the citizens turned away from this association very quickly.

Hobbies

Busch was full of "zeal for beekeeping, which is one of my favorite secondary occupations". In the 1830s he founded a bee association for Arnstadt and the surrounding area and acted as its chairman. He brought out two books on bee law and beekeeping , gave lectures on breeding methods and wrote articles for apiculture journals. After moving to Eisenach in 1850, he no longer had any bees of his own, but continued to follow developments and published three more books by 1862.

Also since his early years in Arnstadt he was active in tree fruit science (pomology), especially in pear cultivation. He also pursued this interest during his time in Eisenach. In retirement in Sondershausen he put together a small souvenir (not for the book trade), which he dedicated to the Arnstädter Obstbauverein. The association then made him an honorary member.

Publications (selection)

Purely legal publications

Legal books

  • Theoretical-practical presentation of the rights of weakened women against their seducers and of illegitimate children against their parents, viewed from the point of view of common civil law. Ilmenau 1828. Digitized .
  • The new criminal codes of the Kingdom of Saxony, the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach, the Duchies of Saxony-Altenburg and Saxony-Meiningen, and the Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen. Leipzig 1848. Digitized .
  • Doctrine and Practice on the Validity of Contracts in Favor of Third Parties. Heidelberg 1860. Digitized . (Reprinted Frankfurt am Main 1970.)
  • The voice of practice at the highest German state tribunals and other judging colleges on various issues in the field of civil law and litigation. Erlangen 1862. Digitized .
  • The German postal laws governing the ordering (delivery) of items transported by post. Leipzig 1870.

Legal journal

  • Archive for the theory and practice of general German commercial law. Vol. 1, 1863 to Vol. 25, 1872. Digitized .
Continued under the title:
  • Archive for Theory and Practice of General German Commercial and Exchange Law. (NF 1 =) Vol. 26, 1873 to Vol. 48, 1888. Digitized .

Bee and pomological publications

  • Handbook of the current bee law in Germany. Arnstadt 1830. Digitized .
  • A reliable guide for experienced and inexperienced beekeepers to multiply the apiary in a short time and to harvest plenty of honey, or: Instructions for a thorough study of bee nature and beekeeping [...]. Under revision of the previous principles on beekeeping, ed. from an association of rational beekeepers. Arnstadt, in commission of the Hildebrand'schen Buchhandlung 1831. (IV + 124 pages.)
  • Guide for bee-keepers, especially in honey-poor areas, or practical instructions for horticultural beekeeping. Edited by the government councilor FB Busch, head of the bee association for Arnstadt and the surrounding area. Second much increased edition. Arnstadt: Verlag Ferdinand Meinhardt 1840. (X + 191 pages.)
  • What is to be thought of the Dzierzonian beekeeping method, or: How can beekeeping really be helped, especially with the farmer? In addition to the basic features of a secure operation of the same in areas poor in honey. Eisenach 1853. Digitized .
  • The honey bee. A representation of their natural history in letters. Gotha 1855. Digitized .
  • Beekeeping in straw dwellings with immovable honeycombs. Leipzig 1862. Digitized . (Reprint Paderborn 2013.)
  • About the fruit culture in Arnstadt and the noble pear varieties that thrive there. From Dr. Busch, Vice-President of the Appeal Court a. D. Sondershausen 1868. (26 pages.)

literature

  • Law collection for the principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen. 1837ff. Digital copies .
  • The German. Sondershäuser newspaper together with government and intelligence paper for the principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen. [Sondershausen: Eupel.] (Incomplete) digitized version .
  • State handbooks for the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach. Digital copies .
  • Arnstadt according to its current circumstances and with the addition of many historical notes [...]. A handbook and address book for locals and foreigners. Edited by AHA Hatham. Sondershausen undated [1842]. Digitized .
  • Address books from Sondershausen. Digital copies .
  • Directory of the Arnstadt high school graduates from 1765 to 1890. In the program of the Princely High School in Arnstadt Easter 1891. Progr.-No. 710. pp. 7-25. Digitized .
  • [Hermann Busch:] Nekrolog. Dr. FB Busch †. In the archive for theory and practice of general German trade and bill of exchange law. Vol. 34, 1876, pp. 435-438 .
  • Hans Eberhardt: The history of the organization of the authorities in Schwarzburg-Sondershausen. (Journal of the Association for Thuringian History and Archeology, Supplement 28.) Jena 1943. Reissued as an online publication by the Thuringian State Archives in Rudolstadt and expanded by an index by Uwe Grandke. Rudolstadt 2005. PDF .
  • Thuringian Pastors' Book , Volume 2: Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen. 1997. ISBN 3768641481 , pp. 108f.
  • Helga Scheidt: Portraits of Arnstadt citizens in the holdings of the Arnstadt Castle Museum. In From the past of Arnstadt and the surrounding area. A local history reader. 9th issue, 1999, pp. 80-85. (P. 84: Portrait by FB Busch, by Ernst John 1818.)
  • Jochen Lengemann (collaboration: Karl-Heinz Becker, Jens Beger, Christa Hirschler, Andrea Ziegenhardt): Landtag and regional representative of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen 1843–1923. Biographical manual. 1998. ISBN 3437353683 . (P. 310: genealogical graphics.)
  • Schwarzburg-Sondershausen and the world. [...] short biographies. Edited by Jochen Lengemann. In 19th century residences. Testimonies to courtly, social and cultural life in Sondershausen and Arnstadt , ed. by Jochen Lengemann. Weimar 2004. ISBN 3898070557 , pp. 223-308. (here: FB Busch, p. 235.)
  • Peter Kaupp (edit.): Stamm-Buch of the Jenaische Burschenschaft. The members of the original fraternity 1815-1819 (= treatises on student and higher education. Vol. 14). Cologne 2005. ISBN 3-89498-156-3 , p. 46.
  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Volume 7: Supplement A – K. Heidelberg 2013. ISBN 978-3-8253-6050-4 , pp. 188f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ After her death, the widower married her sister Johanne Ernestine Sophie Friedericke Henckel (1764–1828) in 1815. ( Bürgerbuch der Stadt Arnstadt 1753–1797 , edited […] by Andrea Kirchschlager. 2019. ISBN 9783937230344 , p. 52f., No. 216.)
  2. ↑ Amalie died before 1900; her last address book entry was 1882 p. 25 and p. 9 .
  3. ↑ Friederike's obituary in Der Deutsche 1920 No. 94 .
  4. ↑ similar to her niece Stefanie later; see. biographical remarks in their essay How I became a writer in Die Gartenlaube 1884, p. 828 ( Wikisource ).
  5. ^ Notices of death and thanks as well as information about the registry office in Der Deutsche 1860 No. 115 , 116 and 117 . - Portrait of Emilie (by Ernst John 1846) in Scheidt, portraits p. 41 and 48.
  6. ↑ Full name: Theodor Wilhelm Benjamin Hermann Busch (registry office Sondershausen in Der Deutsche 1902 No. 104 ).
  7. ↑ Directory of high school graduates, p. 18 .
  8. ↑ Der Deutsche 1868 No. 65 and 1870 No. 7 .
  9. ↑ He directed it until 1888; see. Journal Vol. 1, 1879, pp. 1-6 and Vol. 12, 1888, pp. 1f. .
  10. ↑ Archive Vol. 39, 1879, p. 378 .
  11. ↑ See Address Book 1900, p. 47 and p. 11 . Obituaries and obituaries in Der Deutsche 1902 No. 100 , 102 and 103 .
  12. ↑ List of high school graduates, p. 14 .
  13. ↑ There he became a member of the original fraternity in 1815 .
  14. ↑ Nekrolog p. 436 .
  15. ↑ On its formal position cf. Eberhardt pp. 37-42.
  16. ↑ Short biographies in Schwarzburg-Sondershausen and the world, pp. 304 and 252f.
  17. ↑ Law collection 1841 No. 262 , together with a 'patent', which was supposed to regulate the separation of the state budget from the princely private assets.
  18. ^ Contemporary review in the German State Archives, Vol. 3, 1842, pp. 54–83 . Cf. also Bruno Huschke's life pictures in Der Deutsche 1902 No. 122–124 and Lengemann, Landtag, pp. 19–21.
  19. ↑ Law collection 1841 No. 263 .
  20. ↑ Cf. Eberhardt p. 43f.
  21. ↑ See Arnstadt Hand- und Addressbuch , pp. 301f. .
  22. ↑ State Handbook SWE 1851 p. 79f.
  23. ↑ Der Deutsche 1860 No. 127 .
  24. ↑ Der Deutsche 1864 No. 118 (corresponding to the laws of 1860 No. 17 and 1863 No. 36 ).
  25. ↑ Archive Vol. 1, 1863, pp. I – IV .
  26. ↑ Archive Vol. 29, 1874, S. If. . G. Keyser died a year later ( archive vol. 31, 1875, p. 81 ). After the death of the father, the son continued to run the magazine alone until the end of 1888.
  27. ↑ State Handbook SWE 1855 p. 30 .
  28. ↑ State Handbook SWE 1864 p. 26 .
  29. ↑ Der Deutsche 1860 No. 135 .
  30. ↑ He carried the title from 1868; see. Archive 1867 with 1868 .
  31. ^ Peter Unger and Andrea Ziegenhardt: 175 years of Sparkasse in Arnstadt. 2000. ISBN 3000059245 , pp. 2, 13-15, 27.
  32. ↑ Arnstadt Hand- und Addressbuch, pp. 100-102 .
  33. ^ Chronicle of Arnstadt. Timeline / Lexicon. Festschrift for the 1300th anniversary of the city of Arnstadt, ed. v. Andrea Kirchschlager, Ulrich Lappe and Peter Unger. 2003. ISBN 3934277071 , p. 271.
  34. ↑ Andrea Ziegenhardt: 150 years ago - Arnstadt in the revolution of 1848/49. (A timetable). In From the past of Arnstadt and the surrounding area. A local history reader. 8th issue, 1998, pp. 62-93. (here: p. 72.)
  35. ^ Martin Kunze: Schwarzburg-Sondershausen in the German Revolution of 1848/49. Neustadt (Orla) 1932. p. 38.
  36. ↑ Handbook of Bee Law, p. III .
  37. ↑ z. B. in the monthly sheet for the entire beekeeping vol. 4 , 1841, column 21ff. and Vol. 5, 1842, Col. 232 and in the Bienen-Zeitung, Vol. 1 , 1845, pp. 124ff.
  38. ^ Also articles in the bee newspaper , z. B. in Vol. 24, 1868, pp. 10f. . - His obituary in Vol. 32, 1876, p. 213 .
  39. ↑ See negotiations of the Association for the Promotion of Horticulture in the Royal Prussian States. NR, 2. Jg., 1854, p. 271 (with reference to p. 96ff.).
  40. ↑ Detailed report in Der Deutsche 1869 No. 2–7 .
  41. ↑ Der Deutsche 1869 No. 24 and 43 .
  42. ↑ The “original author of this little pamphlet” (p. III) is not named either here or in the second edition of the guide from 1840. In any case, Busch "took part in its processing [...]" (1840, p. V).
  43. ↑ Contains the text of the Safe Guide from 1831 and adds almost 70 pages to it. Review in the monthly journal for the entire beekeeping. Vol. 3, 1840, column 190f. and 211f. .
personal data
SURNAME Busch, Ferdinand Benjamin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Busch, Benjamin; Busch, FB; Busch, B.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and beekeeper
DATE OF BIRTH August 19, 1797
PLACE OF BIRTH Arnstadt
DATE OF DEATH August 14, 1876
Place of death Sondershausen