vacation

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

With holiday (from the Latin feriae for holidays ) periods are referred to, in which a device closes completely, others to their relatives activities, in particular to enable recovery. In Germany and Austria it is mainly used to describe school holidays .

In Switzerland, recreational leave is also referred to exclusively as vacation. The Swiss do n't go on vacation either , they go on vacation . In the rest of German-speaking countries, a distinction must be made between vacation and vacation , which is only granted to individual members of the facility.

history

In ancient Rome , feriae referred to the days of celebration or holy rest days on which no public or private business was allowed. A distinction was made between public feriae publicae and private feriae privatae , which are organized by individuals or families, e.g. B. on the occasion of birthdays ( feriae nativae ) or funeral celebrations ( feriae denicales ) were celebrated. A more precise distinction was made between the feriae publicae

  1. feriae legitimae : the regular state festivals that have existed since ancient times
    1. feriae statae : always to certain days and falling in the calendar listed
    2. feriae conceptivae : annually, but not always on the same day and therefore announced by the priests (this included the Feriae Latinae , for example )
  2. feriae imperativae : public holidays arranged for special cases

species

The most important case is the school holidays , during which there are no classes or other school events, but a minimum of organizational operations are maintained. The date is usually around Easter , Pentecost , midsummer , All Saints' Day and after Christmas . School holidays are the only period during which teachers can be granted vacation leave.

At universities, there are semester breaks in the core period of which no courses (lectures) and usually no exams are held. As a rule, however, university operations do not stand still; Depending on the university and subject of study, there are certainly events, exams or internships , which is why the descriptive term "lecture-free time" is common. This time is often used to write term papers .

Less common are closing in which the entire operation at the request of management or employees are not working. They are relatively common in seasonal industries such as the hotel industry . Finally, there are court holidays during which only particularly important or urgent proceedings are carried out. During the parliamentary break , also known as the parliamentary summer break , the legislative body is suspended.

Word origin

“Vacation” is derived from the Latin feriae , vacation, public holidays, rest days, free days, free time ” . In the Middle Ages and in the early modern period, a distinction was made between a number of different "holidays": "feriae sacrae", "feriae profanae" and other public holidays on which public life (courts, contract negotiations, universities, schools etc.) was idle.

Since 1521 the word has been listed in the imperial order under "business-free days" (initially in the judiciary). From 1749, with the introduction of the “ school holidays ”, it was also used to describe “non-teaching days”. From the end of the 19th century onwards, the word was also used synonymously with vacation (mhd. Urloup = permission, permission to leave, farewell) for the interruption of work for employees.

In the past, vacations were also referred to as vacancies , which comes from the Latin word vacans ("empty", "unoccupied").

“Holidays” is a plural tantum .

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: Holidays  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Explanations of the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO on employment contract law / holidays
  2. ↑ Pierer's Universal Lexicon of the Past and Present . 4th edition. Verlagbuchhandlung von HA Pierer , Altenburg 1865 ( zeno.org [accessed on June 5, 2019] encyclopedia entry “Feriae”).
  3. ↑ School vacation plan of the Standing Conference for Germany
  4. ^ Karl Ernst Georges : Comprehensive Latin-German concise dictionary . 8th, improved and increased edition. Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1918 ( zeno.org [accessed June 5, 2019]).