Filareto Kavernido

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Filareto Kavernido (actually Joseph Heinrich Goldberg ; * July 24, 1880 in Weißensee ; † May 16, 1933 in Moca , Dominican Republic ) was the leader of an anarchist commune in Berlin, Tourrettes , Corsica and the Dominican Republic .

Life

The son of the middle-class Jewish doctor Ludwig Goldberg and his wife Elise geb. Karfunkel studied medicine in Berlin and Freiburg and then practiced at a hospital in Berlin. In 1910 he left the Jewish Community of Berlin and around 1918 became the head of an anarcho-communist group that tried to open up in various places in and around Berlin (including from 1920 in Mulackstrasse 21 in Berlin-Mitte , Kurfürstenstrasse 24 in Mariendorf and Spreenhagen ) To realize utopias based on Nietzsche and Plato's philosophies . This is the name of his group "La Kaverno di Zaratustra" after Nietzsche's Zarathustra .

In October 1921 he was charged with negligent homicide because he was responsible for the deaths of two women in 1911 by neglecting the duty of medical care. In a private clinic in Hohenschönhausen , which he ran between 1905 and 1911, he is said to have carried out hundreds of operations and in 1906 he was sentenced to 14 months in prison for violating Section 218 ( abortion ). His then partner Ms. Gozdziewicz received 7 months in prison. The sentence in this case was two years in prison with immediate arrest.

Filareto Kavernido publishes some writings, including a fable in the artificial language Ido . In a series of publications, the "Mitteilungsblätter aus Zarathustras Höhle", he laid out his basic philosophical ideas. In 1925 he was on the run from the German judiciary, among other things for offenses against § 218, in Paris. From here he sought contact with the Swiss women's rights activist Margarethe Faas-Hardegger , who ran a similarly-minded community in Switzerland. In Paris he probably made contact with the anarchist Emile Armand , in whose French newspaper "L'en dehors" ("Outside") he published several articles over the years, especially reports from the Dominican Republic, where he went with some of his in 1929 The group, consisting essentially of one of his partners and their children, emigrated after spending several years (1926–1929) in Tourrettes-sur-Loup, north of Nice , France.

On May 16, 1933, Filareto was shot dead in Moca, Dominican Republic, under unexplained circumstances.

He is mentioned in numerous contemporary publications, his political and philosophical worldview is discussed in newspaper articles and books and his authoritarian and despotic nature is portrayed.

literature

Non-fiction books:

  • Harry Wilde: Theodor Plievier, Zero Point of Freedom . Munich 1965.
  • Max Fürst : Talisman Scheherazade. The difficult twenties . Dtv, Munich 1978, ISBN 3-423-01407-5
  • Ulrich Linse: The anarchist and anarcho-syndicalist youth movement 1919-1933. On the history and ideology of the anarchist, syndicalist and unionist children and youth organizations 1919-1933 , dipa-Verlag, Frankfurt / M. 1976, ISBN 3-7638-0218-5
  • Ulrich Linse: Ökopax and anarchy. A history of ecological movements in Germany . Dtv, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-423-10550-X

Essays:

  • Heinrich Goldberg: information sheets of the cave of Zaratustra . 3 booklets with the titles “Cultural Philosophical Considerations”, “Civilization and Culture” and “Culture Struggle Instead of Class Struggle” self-published by the “Verlagsgruppe La Kaverno di Zaratustra”, Mulackstr. 21, Berlin-Mitte.
  • Harry Wilde mentions that after the Goldberg commune disappeared, he wrote an article for a Ullstein newspaper that was given the title “Freie Liebe am Bahndamm” by the editorial staff.
  • Anonymous: "Guardian of the cave of Zarathustra". Cave dwellers at the gates of Berlin . Berliner Volkszeitung, April 22, 1921, p. 2.
  • Between 1927 and 1931 article by Filareto Kavernido for the magazine “L'en Dehors” published by Emile Armand in Paris-Orléans.

Web links

Copies of it are in the International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, the archive of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung in Bonn, as well as in several university libraries in Germany, e.g. B. Bonn, Bremen or Berlin.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Birth register StA Weißensee No. 126/1880 .
  2. ↑ Der Anarchokommunist in: Berliner Volkszeitung on September 8, 1920
  3. ^ "Guardian of Zarathustra's Cave" Cave dwellers at the gates of Berlin in: Berliner Volkszeitung on April 22, 1921
  4. ^ The Spreenhagener Höhlenkolonie in court in: Tempelhof Mariendorfer Zeitung on July 20, 1921
  5. ^ The cave inhabitants of Spreenhagen in: Berliner Tageblatt on April 26, 1921
  6. ^ Condemnation of a doctor in: Bozner Zeitung on November 21, 1906
  7. ↑ The cave dweller Dr. Goldberg in court Criminal practice of his medical practice. in: Berliner Tageblatt on October 23, 1921
  8. ↑ A Mariendorfer do-gooder sentenced to two years in prison in: Tempelhofer Mariendorfer Zeitung on October 25, 1921
personal data
SURNAME Kavernido, Filareto
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Goldberg, Heinrich (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German anarchist
DATE OF BIRTH July 24, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH May 16, 1933
Place of death Moca , Dominican Republic