Margarethe Faas-Hardegger

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Margarethe Faas-Hardegger

Margarethe (Faas) -Hardegger (born February 20, 1882 in Bern , † September 23, 1963 in Minusio ) was a Swiss women's rights activist , trade unionist and one of the most important protagonists of the workers' movement at the turn of the century.

Life

She was the first female worker secretary of the SGB . Under her leadership, the workers' movement in Switzerland gained a political profile and positioned itself increasingly feminist . Faas-Hardegger not only made the question of women's suffrage a concern of the trade union movement, but also maternity insurance and the idea of ​​paid housework .

Margarethe Hardegger did an apprenticeship as a phone, right then she took with the support of her later husband, August Faas, the Matura after. In 1903 she and others founded the Bernese textile workers' association. In 1905 the mother of two daughters became the first female workers' secretary for the Swiss Confederation of Trade Unions and gave up her law studies in favor of this position. In this position, which she held until 1909, she founded various trade union sections and consumer cooperatives , as well as the women's magazines Die Vorkampfin and L'Exploitée . In 1909 the differences with the management of the SGB (the convinced syndicalist was an anti-militarist) became too great and she was fired. The differences were revealed not least in the fact that Faas-Hardegger attached particular importance to the direct actions of the workers.

As early as 1908, together with Gustav Landauer , she founded the Socialist Bund and its magazine Der Sozialist . After losing her job at the SGB, she mainly focused on these two ventures, but she also got into an argument with Landauer. In contrast to this, she openly advocated free love and women's rights and also represented this line in the “socialist”. In 1913 she was convicted of false testimony in favor of Ernst Frick , and Landauer used this as an excuse to dismiss her from the Socialist League. In 1915 she again came into conflict with the law and was sentenced to one year in prison for aiding and abortion .

After that she turned more and more to the idea of ​​free love. In 1919 she founded a rural commune in Herrliberg near Zurich , and in 1920 the phalanstère "Villino Graziella" in Minusio , near Locarno . The project failed due to a lack of capital and internal disagreements. She dedicated herself to the initiation system of the Ordo Templi Orientis (OTO) and soon rose as Sister Hyacinth to the executive board of the Anational Grand Lodge & the Mystical Grand Temple Verità Mistica of the Orient Ascona, to which she belonged together with Genja Jantzen and Alice Sprengel .

Appreciation

At the beginning of the 21st century, a residential complex in the city of Bern was named Hardegg in memory of her .

See also

literature

  • Regula Bochsler: Exodus from Egypt . Margarethe Hardegger and the Settlement Pioneers of the Socialist League in Ticino, in: Andreas Schwab, Claudia Lafranconi (Eds.): Searching for meaning and sunbathing . Experiments in art and life on Monte Verità. Limmat, Zurich 2001, ISBN 3-85791-369-X .
  • Regula Bochsler: The attack on the Zurich police barracks 1907 , in: Dehmlow Raimund, Gottfried Heuer (Hrsg.): Bohème, Psychoanalyse & Revolution . 3rd International Otto Gross Congress: Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 15. – 17. March 2002. LiteraturWwissenschaft.de, Marburg an der Lahn 2003, ISBN 978-3-936134-06-3 .
  • Regula Bochsler: I followed my star. The fighting life of Margarethe Hardegger. Pendo, Zurich 2004, ISBN 3-85842573-7 .
  • Ina Boesch: Counter-life. The socialist Margarethe Hardegger and her political stages. Chronos, Zurich 2003, ISBN 3-0340-0639-X .
  • Regula Bochsler: Margarethe Hardegger. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . November 27, 2007 , accessed January 25, 2020 .
  • Monica Studer: The Swiss Federation of Trade Unions 1905-1909 and its secretary Margarethe Faas . In: Ernest Bornemann (ed.): Workers' Movement and Feminism . Reports from fourteen countries. Ullstein, Frankfurt am Main 1982, ISBN 3-548-35138-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Elisabeth Joris , Bread, Money and Women's Suffrage , in WoZ from November 5, 1998, https://www.woz.ch/-383e
  2. ↑ Regula Bochsler: I followed my star. The fighting life of Margarethe Hardegger . Pendo, Zurich 2004, ISBN 3-85842573-7 , pp. 387-389
  3. ^ Research Center for Culture Impulse, Dornach: Alice Sprengel. Biographical archive note , http://biographien.kulturimpuls.org/detail.php?&id=26480
  4. ↑ Architecture & Technology 11-08

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Faas-Hardegger, Margarethe
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hardegger, Margarethe
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss women's rights activist and trade unionist
DATE OF BIRTH February 20, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Bern
DATE OF DEATH September 23, 1963
Place of death Minusio