Filimon Sârbu

Postage stamp 1951

Filimon Sârbu , 1953–1993 also Sîrbu , (born August 10, 1916 in Herepeia , 1948–1964 renamed Filimon Sârbu / Sîrbu , today part of Vețel ; † July 19, 1941 in Jilava ) was a Romanian worker, communist and anti-fascist.

Origin, career and resistance

He came from a working class family. His father worked for the state railway company CFR , was fired in 1926 for participating in strikes. The family then moved to the port city of Constana , where the father had a fatal accident at work shortly after the move.

After elementary education, he began his working life with the October 1930 Dreher teaching in the port workshops Konstanzas, Atelierele Căpitàniei Portului Maritim Constanta . He became an active member of the then illegal Union of the Communist Youth Union, Uniunea Tineretului Comunist , UTC , the youth organization of the Romanian Communist Party , RKP, which was also banned at the time .

In 1933 he was fired for his communist views and activities, but reinstated under pressure from his colleagues. He took part in the meetings of the National Antifascist Committee, Comitetul national antifascist , a cover organization of the RKP, was arrested for this in 1936 and sentenced by a military court to 6 months in prison.

Drafted for military service in 1938, he remained in the military until he was released in April 1941. He then made contact with the communist movement again, became a member of the RKP and fought underground against the fascist Antonescu dictatorship. On behalf of the party, he carried out acts of sabotage on military installations, distributed propaganda material and marked the dropping points for Soviet warplanes at night.

Arrest, trial and execution

He was betrayed. On June 22, 1941, the day Operation Barbarossa began , the Romanian security police, Siguranța , arrested him along with four sympathizers during a secret meeting on Mamaia Beach . After a collective trial before the court martial of the 2nd Territorial Command of the Bucharest Military Corps, he was sentenced to death on July 4, 1941 as an enemy of the state; the four co-defendants received prison terms. On the evening of July 19, he was in Jilava -Gefängnis, the Fort 13, Fortul 13 Jilava , now memorial, firing squad . His final resting place is unknown, see afterlife.

Afterlife

The fascist regime set an example, because his execution was immediately published on the radio and in the press on July 20th with a portrait of the conspirator and dangerous communist: The court martial ... sentenced Sârbu Filimon to death ... for the crime of founding secret associations . On June 22, 1941, at 9:30 a.m., Sârbu Filimon called the condemned together ... and, after describing the advantages of the communist regime, asked them to light the city from the power station in the event of an air alarm in Constana to enable localization of the enemy bombing raid.

1948 postage stamp

After 1945, the new communist rulers created the myth of the anti-fascist hero: Filimon Sârbu, the first Romanian patriot to be murdered by Romanian bullets, embodies the struggle of the Romanian people, their aspirations and hostility against the German invaders.

Erou al Tineretului = hero of youth

From March 1948 - Romania was now a communist people's republic - hero worship increased and the following were named after him: towns, streets, squares, parks, schools, markets, cultural institutions, factories, agricultural production cooperatives, shopping centers. It found its way into school books, history lessons were devoted to it.

The Romanian Post issued several postage stamps with his portrait in 1948 and 1951, as well as special postmarks and envelopes with images and texts.

Many names were reversed from 1965 when the Socialist Republic of Ceauşescu broke away from the Soviet Union , others in the post-communist period from 1990, so that only a few street names remain today, such as Strada Filimon Sârbu in Vladimirescu .

In 1967 the communist party wanted to reburse his remains as a memorial to the heroes of the struggle for the freedom of the people and the homeland, for socialism ; today mausoleum in Carol Park . His bones were not found.

Memorials

Memorial plaque with a quote from a letter and a short biography in several languages at the Monumento alla Resistenza europea in Como.

literature

Book cover Heroes and Martyrs 1945

Gheorghe Bodea: Filimon Sârbu , Editura Politica, Bucharest 1978.
Heroes and martyrs of the struggle for the good condition of the Romanian people, fighting figures for freedom and democracy; Eroi şi martiri ai luptei pentru bună starea poporului român, Figuri de luptâtori pentru libertate şi demokraţie; Patriotic Defense Publishing House, Editura Apărării Patriotice, Bucharest 1945.
Petre Iosif: Filimon Sârbu , Editura Tineretului, Bucharest 1948.
Gheorghe Puşcaşu, Georghe Bodea: Filimon Sârbu , Editura Militarâ, Bucharest 1982.
Gheorghe Bodea: Filimon Sârbu , Editura Politica, Bucharest 1978.
Petre Iosif: Filimon Sârbu , Editura Tineretului, Bucharest 1948.
Gheorghe Puşcaşu, Georghe Bodea: Filimon Sârbu , Editura Militarâ, Bucharest 1982.

Web links

Commons : Filimon Sârbu - Collection of images, videos and audio files

historia.ro , with sources and a description of the propaganda appropriation.

Remarks

↑ â and î phonetically identical; through spelling reform from 1914: â within, î beginning and end of a word / name; from 1953 elimination of â and replacement by î, from 1993 return to the rule of 1914, see en.wikipedia.
↑ Curtea Marţială ... a condamnat la moarte pe Sârbu Filimon ... pentru crima de constituire de asociaţiuni clandestine. În ziua de 22 iunie 1941, ora 9 şi 30 dimineaţa, Sârbu Filimon a convocat pe condamnaţii ... şi, după ce le a descris binefacerile regimului comunist, ia îndemnat ca, în cazul alarmelor aae de dinstanţare a oraşului din Uzina electrică pentru ca reperajul bombardamentului inamic să fie posibil. Source: SANIC, Serviciul Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale, Central National Historical Archives Service, source collection (fond) 96, file dossier (dosar) 2170, sheet (f.) 33, page (p.) 41; compare web link: historia.ro.
↑ Filimon Sârbu, primul patriot român, asasinat de gloanţele româneşti, întruchipează astfel lupta poporului român, năzuinţele sale şi duşmănia împotriva cotropitorilor nemţi. See Literature: Heroes and Martyrs, p. 37.
↑ Militants of the labor movement and the party, whose bones have not been identified… No. 2 Sîrbu ..., Militanţi ai mişcării muncitoreşti şi ai partidului ale căror oseminte nau fost identificate ... No. 2 Sîrbu… ; Quotation from a document in the archives of the RKP Central Committee: Report of the Institute for Historical and Sociopolitical Studies to the RKP on the transfer of the earthly remains of some communist revolutionary fighters to the memorial, Appendix 4; on the website contributors.ro .

personal data
SURNAME	Sârbu, Filimon
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Sîrbu, Filimon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Romanian anti-fascist against the Antonescu regime
DATE OF BIRTH	August 10, 1916
PLACE OF BIRTH	Herepeia , today at Vețel
DATE OF DEATH	July 19, 1941
Place of death	Jilava

[1] â and î phonetically identical; through spelling reform from 1914: â within, î beginning and end of a word / name; from 1953 elimination of â and replacement by î, from 1993 return to the rule of 1914, see en.wikipedia.

[2] Curtea Marţială ... a condamnat la moarte pe Sârbu Filimon ... pentru crima de constituire de asociaţiuni clandestine. În ziua de 22 iunie 1941, ora 9 şi 30 dimineaţa, Sârbu Filimon a convocat pe condamnaţii ... şi, după ce le a descris binefacerile regimului comunist, ia îndemnat ca, în cazul alarmelor aae de dinstanţare a oraşului din Uzina electrică pentru ca reperajul bombardamentului inamic să fie posibil. Source: SANIC, Serviciul Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale, Central National Historical Archives Service, source collection (fond) 96, file dossier (dosar) 2170, sheet (f.) 33, page (p.) 41; compare web link: historia.ro.

[3] Filimon Sârbu, primul patriot român, asasinat de gloanţele româneşti, întruchipează astfel lupta poporului român, năzuinţele sale şi duşmănia împotriva cotropitorilor nemţi. See Literature: Heroes and Martyrs, p. 37.

[4] Militants of the labor movement and the party, whose bones have not been identified… No. 2 Sîrbu ..., Militanţi ai mişcării muncitoreşti şi ai partidului ale căror oseminte nau fost identificate ... No. 2 Sîrbu… ; Quotation from a document in the archives of the RKP Central Committee: Report of the Institute for Historical and Sociopolitical Studies to the RKP on the transfer of the earthly remains of some communist revolutionary fighters to the memorial, Appendix 4; on the website contributors.ro .