Flóra Martos

Flóra Martos (born September 28, 1897 in Budapest , † December 30, 1938 in Prague ) was a Hungarian chemist , communist and head of the Hungarian Red Aid .

Life

Martos wanted to be a doctor, but her family was the cost of a degree not wear. Therefore, she became an X-ray assistant at the Charité Polyclinic in Budapest. In 1918 she joined the Social Democratic Party of Hungary (SZDP). She belonged to the left wing of the party. During the Hungarian Soviet Republic she worked for the Kinderfreunde movement .

After the fall of the Soviet Republic, she participated in the support of internees, in particular she supported the prisoners of the internment camp in Zalaegerszeg . Martos helped reorganize the Hungarian Association of Private Employees and came into contact with the illegal communist movement. She was a co-founder of the Rote Hilfe, which she later headed. Martos graduated as an industrial chemist and then worked in the laboratories of the Shell Oil Company in Csepel near Budapest. In 1927 she joined the illegal Communist Party of Hungary (KMP). In 1930 Martos was arrested. After eight months in prison, she was released in May 1931. She was then arrested repeatedly.

Martos succumbed to a serious illness in a Prague sanatorium in 1938 , which she contracted while in prison.

Honors

• In numerous Hungarian cities and towns, streets are named after Martos ( Martos Flóra utca ), for example in Ajka , Balatonfenyves , Dédestapolcsány , Gyomaendrőd , Kecskemét , Szarvas and Szekszárd .
• In Sopron and Budapest (today: Óbudai Gimnázium ) high schools were named after her. The Martos Flóra Kollégium of the Faculty of Chemical Engineering of the Technical University of Budapest still bears her name today.
• The Hungarian Post issued a special stamp in 1972 on the occasion of her 75th birthday .

literature

• Documentumok a magyar forradalmi munkásmozgalom történetéböl 1935–1945 . Volume 3. Kossuth Könyvkiadó, Budapest 1964, p. 678
• Martos Flóra . In: Magyar Életrajzi Lexicon 1000–1990 (Hungarian)