Flesh red jelly cup

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Flesh red jelly cup
Ascocoryne sarcoides G4 (2) (cropped) .JPG

Flesh red jelly cup ( Ascocoryne sarcoides )

Systematics
Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina)
Class : Leotiomycetes
Order : Helotials
Family : Helotiaceae
Genre : Gelatinous Cup ( Ascocoryne )
Type : Flesh red jelly cup
Scientific name
Ascocoryne sarcoides
( Jacq  .: Fr. ) JWGroves & DEWilson

The flesh-red gelatinous cup ( Ascocoryne sarcoides ) is a species of fungus from the Helotiaceae family .

features

Macroscopic features

The meat-red gelatinous beaker forms sessile, top-shaped to bowl-shaped fruiting bodies ( apothecia ), which have a gelatinous consistency and are purple to flesh-red in color. They reach a diameter of 5 to 10 mm. The secondary fruit form ( anamorphic ), which is often formed at the same time and often directly next to the main fruit form ( teleomorphs ), forms club-shaped to leaf-shaped fruit bodies, sometimes split at the tip, which are equally colored.

Microscopic features

Spores of the flesh-red gelatinous beaker in the light microscope

The cylindrically shaped tubes are 205 to 220 × 10 to 12 μm in size. The spores are translucent ( hyaline ), narrowly elliptical, smooth and are 10–18 × 3–5 μm in size. They are unseptated at first, but later get one to three septa . The paraphyses are thread-like and unbranched. The secondary fruit form forms smooth, hyaline conidia that are 1 to 2 µm in size.

Species delimitation

The large-pore gelatinous cup ( Ascocoryne cylichnium ) is its macroscopically hardly distinguishable double. But this never has a secondary crop form. A reliable differentiation is made with the microscope, since the spores of the large-pored gelatinous cup have up to seven septa, while those of the meat-red gelatinous cup have a maximum of three.

ecology

Flesh colored jelly cup (Ascocoryne sarcoides) syn. Ombrophila sarcoides - hms (1) .jpg

The species grows mainly saprobionic, mostly in groups on dead, mostly rotten, damp hardwood, mostly beech. It does not appear until autumn and mild winters.

distribution

The red meat jelly cup is very widespread in Europe and North America, but also occurs in Australia, New Zealand and South America. It is quite common in Central Europe.

ingredients

Ascocorynine ( structural formula )

The meat-red gelatinous jar produces the terphenylquinone ascocorynine, a derivative of 1,4-benzoquinone . It is a purple dye (at least in an alkaline solution) that gives the fruit body its color. Ascocorynin has an antibiotic effect against Gram-positive bacteria, but not against Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.

Systematics

The meat-red jelly beaker was first described to Nikolaus Joseph by Jacquin in 1781 as Lichen sarcoides , but three years later, in 1784, James Dickson placed it in the genus Helvella . Elias Magnus Fries described the secondary crop form as Tremella sarcoides in 1822 . There are a few more synonyms. In 1967 James Walton Groves & Doreen E. Wilson established the genus Ascocoryne with Ascocoryne sarcoides as the type species .

literature

  • Svengunnar Ryman, Ingmar Holmåsen: Mushrooms. Over 1,500 species of mushrooms are described in detail and photographed in their natural surroundings . Bernhard Thalacker, Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-87815-043-1 , p. 644 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Svengunnar Ryman, Ingmar Holmåsen: Mushrooms. Over 1,500 species of mushrooms are described in detail and photographed in their natural surroundings . Bernhard Thalacker, Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-87815-043-1 , p. 644 .
  2. ↑ a b c Michael Beug, Alan E. Bessette, Arleen R. Bessette: Ascomycete Fungi of North America: A Mushroom Reference Guide . University of Texas Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-292-75452-2 ( online at Google Books ).
  3. ↑ Michael Wood, Fred Stevens: Ascocoryne sarcoides. In: MycoWeb. The Fungi of California . Retrieved January 23, 2016 .
  4. ↑ Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms . 3. Edition. BLV, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-405-14737-9 , p. 565 (one-volume new edition of the BLV intensive guide mushrooms 1 and 2).
  5. ^ Ascocoryne sarcoides (Jacq.) JW Groves & DE Wilson, 1967. In: Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) . Retrieved January 23, 2016 .
  6. ^ W. Quack, H. Scholl, H. Budzikiewicz: Ascorynin, a terphenylquinone from Ascocoryne sarcoides . In: Phytochemistry . tape 21 , no. 12 , 1982, pp. 2921-2923 , doi : 10.1016 / 0031-9422 (80) 85069-2 .
  7. ↑ Ascocoryne sarcoides . In: Mycobank . Retrieved January 23, 2016 .
  8. ^ J. Walton Groves, Doreen E. Wilson: The Nomenclatural Status of Coryne . In: Taxon . tape 16 , no. 1 , 1967, p. 35-41 , JSTOR : 1217104 .

Web links

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