Lorelels

Lorelels
Autumn Lorchel ( Helvella crispa )
Systematics
Department : Ascomycota mushrooms Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina) Class : Pezizomycetes Order : Cuplets (Pezizales) Family : Lorchel relatives (Helvellaceae) Genre : Lorelels
Scientific name
Helvella
Fr.

The Lorelels ( Helvella ) are a genus of mushrooms from the family of Lorchel relatives (Helvellaceae).

The type species is the Herbst-Lorchel ( Helvella crispa , Syn. H. mitra ).

features

Macroscopic features

The thin-fleshed, mostly brittle fruiting bodies of the lorels are relatively large apothecia , which are divided into a hat and a stem. The head part has a fertile cover layer and a sterile outside, the shape of the head can be cup-shaped, saddle-shaped or turned down. The ribbed or non-ribbed stem is hollow and goes cylindrical to conical into the head part. The fruiting bodies are colored white-gray to brown-black.

Microscopic features

The tubes that do not blue with iodine each contain 8 elliptical spores that are filled with one large and sometimes several smaller drops.

ecology

The Lorelels are ground-dwelling saprobionts .

species

The genus contains around 40 species worldwide. Some authors put some species in their own genera. The following species occur or are to be expected in Europe:

Lorelels ( Helvella ) in Europe

German name Scientific name Author quote Highly ribbed cup Lorchel Helvella acetabulum (Linnaeus 1753: Fries 1822) Quélet 1886 Black-brown mug Lorchel Helvella aestivalis (R. Heim & L. Remy 1926) Dissing & Raitviir 1974 Whitish Lorchel Helvella albella (described as Elvela albella ) Quélet 1896 Matt black Lorchel Helvella alpestris Boudier 1895 Arctic Mug Lorchel Helvella arctalpina (described as arct-alpina ) Harmaja 1977 Black Lorchel Helvella atra J. König 1772: Frieze 1822 Bohemian Lorchel Helvella branzeziana Svrček & J. Moravec 1968 Milk-stalked Lorchel Helvella capucina Quélet 1877 Small beaker Lorchel Helvella confusa Harmaja 1977 Leathery Lorchel Helvella corium (O. Weberbauer 1873) Massee 1895 Off-white mug Lorchel Helvella costifera Nannfeldt 1953 Autumn Lorchel Helvella crispa (Scopoli 1772: Frieze 1822) Frieze 1822 Cup-shaped Lorchel Helvella cupuliformis Dissing & Nannfeldt 1966 Black leather Lorchel Helvella dovrensis T. Schumacher 1992 Elastic Lorchel Helvella elastica Bulliard 1785: Frieze 1822 Sattel-Lorchel Helvella ephippium Léveillé 1841 Felty or woolly long-footed Helvella fibrosa (Wallroth 1833) Korf 2008 Dark brown Lorchel Helvella fusca Gillet 1879 Little Lorchel Helvella helvellula (Durieu 1849) Dissing 1966 Helvella juniperi M. Filippa & Baiano 1999 Milky white Lorchel Helvella lactea Boudier 1907 Pit Lorchel Helvella lacunosa Afzelius 1783: Frieze 1822 Pale gray Lorchel Helvella latispora Boudier 1898 Black and white mug Lorchel Helvella leucomelaena (Persoon 1822) Nannfeldt 1941 Gray long-footed Helvella macropus (Persoon 1795: Fries 1822) P. Karsten 1871 Long-pored Becher Lorchel Helvella oblongispora Harmaja 1978 Cup-shaped Lorchel Helvella pezizoides Afzelius 1783: Frieze 1822 Ring-stemmed Lorchel Helvella phlebophora Patouillard & Doassans 1886 Helvella rivularis Dissing & Sivertsen 1980 Ear-shaped Lorchel Helvella silvicola (Beck 1889) Harmaja 1974 Ribbed Lorchel Helvella solitaria P. Karsten 1871 Brown purple Lorchel Helvella spadicea (described as Elvela spadicea ) Schaeffer 1774 Helvella terrestris (Velenovský 1934) Landvik 1999

• 

  Highly ribbed cup-Lorchel
  Helvella acetabulum

• 

  Black and white cup-Lorchel
  Helvella leucomelaena

• 

  Ear-shaped Lorchel
  Helvella silvicola

• 

  Gray long-footed helvella
  macropus

etymology

The scientific generic name is derived from the Latin helvus = yellow.

literature

• Achim Bollmann, Andreas Gminder, Peter Reil: List of illustrations of large European mushrooms, 4th edition. Generic CD. Black Forest mushroom teaching show, Hornberg. 2007. ISSN  0932-920X .
• Heinrich Dörfelt , Gottfried Jetschke (Ed.): Dictionary of mycology. 2nd Edition. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg / Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0920-9 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Carl von Linné : Helvella miter . In: Species Plantarum 1. 1753.
2. ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Helvella . On: fungiworld.com. Mushroom Taxa Database. February 28, 2010. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
3. ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , p. 379 (reprint from 1996).

Web links

Commons : Helvella  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wiktionary: Lorchel  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations