Florence Rena Sabin

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Florence Rena Sabin, around 1922

Florence Rena Sabin (born November 9, 1871 in Central City , Colorado , USA ; † October 3, 1953 in Denver ) was an American doctor and scientist.

Sabin is known to have given women access to medical research. After graduating from Smith College in 1893, she first worked as a math and zoology teacher in order to finance her medical studies at Johns Hopkins University . After successfully completing her doctoral studies in 1901, she was the first woman to receive a professorship at the medical faculty of Johns Hopkins University in 1917 and eventually also became the director of the Anatomical Institute. She became a Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences upon the admission of female members in 1924 . That same year, Florence Sabin became the first female president of the American Association of Anatomists .

She was the first woman to head a world-leading scientific institute, the Rockefeller Institute in New York. Above all, Sabin researched the cellular composition of blood and brain tissue and explored new healing methods for tuberculosis . After she returned to her home state of Colorado in 1938, she worked harder to improve the public health system.

Her bust was erected in the Capitol Hall of Fame in Washington in 1960 as the most important representative of the state of Colorado.

Origin of the lymph vessels from the blood vessels

Sabin's scientific achievements include her careful dyeing experiments on animal embryos, with which she wanted to clarify the question, which had been discussed for a good 200 years back then, of where the lymphatic vessels of vertebrates come from. Two hypotheses opposed each other: Many anatomists, like the physician G. Lovell Gulland , believed that the fluid that accumulates in the connective tissue exerts pressure on the neighboring cells and thus creates cavities that connect with each other and ultimately with the blood vessels Connection. The anatomists George S. Huntington and Charles FW McClure also represented such a centripetal model (expansion of the embryonic lymphatic system from the periphery towards the center). They examined histological series of sections of cat embryos and believed that they recognized that the first endothelial cells of the lymphatic vessels arise from isolated precursor cells in the mesenchyme . These lymphatic endothelial cells would first connect to a network and only then with the blood vessel system in order to drain the lymph from the tissue into the blood.

Florence Sabin was convinced that series of incisions could not provide reliable information about the spread of the developing lymphatic system and about connections between lymph vessels and blood vessels, and instead relied on the injection of Indian ink into the first lymphatic vessel-like structures in pig embryos of different ages. In doing so, she saw that bud-like lymph sacs form on the cardinal veins , which then elongate and connect with each other through sprouting, creating a network. This network of lymph vessels spreads from the center (the cardinal veins) to the periphery (centrifugal model).

It was only at the beginning of the 21st century that molecular, genetic and imaging processes became available with which one can really follow the fate of cells in the course of development (so-called fate mapping or lineage tracing ). It was shown that a large part of the lymphatic vessels of higher vertebrates actually stem from progenitors in the endothelium of the cardinal veins and the blood vessels branching off from them in the embryo, as postulated by Sabin. However, a small proportion appears to be non-venous in origin, at least in some organs and tissue types.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Florence R. Sabin: On the origin of the lymphatic system from the veins and the development of the lymph hearts and thoracic duct in the pig . In: American Journal of Anatomy . tape 1 , no. 3 , May 26, 1902, ISSN  1553-0795 , p. 367-389 , doi : 10.1002 / aja.1000010310 ( wiley.com [accessed March 5, 2017]).
  2. ↑ Florence R. Sabin: On the development of the superficial lymphatics in the skin of the pig . In: American Journal of Anatomy . tape 3 , no. 2 , June 15, 1904, ISSN  1553-0795 , p. 183–195 , doi : 10.1002 / aja.1000030205 ( wiley.com [accessed March 5, 2017]).
  3. ↑ Jonathan Semo, Julian Nicenboim, Karina Yaniv: Development of the lymphatic system: new questions and paradigms . In: Development . tape 143 , no. 6 , March 15, 2016, ISSN  0950-1991 , p. 924-935 , doi : 10.1242 / dev.132431 , PMID 26980792 ( biologists.org [accessed March 5, 2017]).
  4. ↑ Jan Kazenwadel, Natasha L. Harvey: Morphogenesis of the lymphatic vasculature: A focus on new progenitors and cellular mechanisms important for constructing lymphatic vessels . In: Developmental Dynamics . tape 245 , no. 3 , March 1, 2016, ISSN  1097-0177 , p. 209–219 , doi : 10.1002 / dvdy.24313 ( wiley.com [accessed March 5, 2017]).
personal data
SURNAME Sabin, Florence Rena
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sabin, Florence R.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American medical doctor and pioneering scientist
DATE OF BIRTH November 9, 1871
PLACE OF BIRTH Central City , Colorado, USA
DATE OF DEATH 3rd October 1953
Place of death Denver , Colorado, USA