Research with neutrons

The research with neutrons is a field of physics , in the neutron radiation from a radioactive source, a research reactor or a spallation neutron source is used to specifically taking advantage of properties of the neutron to investigate material samples.

Sub-areas

Research with neutrons includes in particular:

• the neutron scattering with her two sub-areas
  • Neutron diffraction for structural studies
  • inelastic neutron scattering as spectroscopy
• imaging procedures:
  • Radiography ,
  • Tomography .
• Activation analysis
  • Prompt gamma activation analysis

Research institutions

Neutron scattering is carried out at research reactors and spallation neutron sources . For research on a smaller scale, an americium - beryllium source or a californium source can be used as a neutron source . On the other hand, a research reactor or a particle accelerator with a spallation target is available at the corresponding large research facilities. Major research centers for neutron scattering are

• In Europe
  • the Laue-Langevin Institute in Grenoble (founded in 1967, reactor operation since 1972)
  • the Laboratoire Léon Brillouin in the Center d'Etudes nucléaires de Saclay near Paris
  • the research neutron source Heinz Maier-Leibnitz in Garching (reactor operation since 2004)
  • the Helmholtz Center Berlin for Materials and Energy in Berlin (reactor BER II )
  • the Geesthacht research reactor at the GKSS research center (until 2010)
  • the research reactor Jülich II in the research center Jülich near Jülich (until May 2006)
  • the Paul Scherrer Institute in Villigen AG in Switzerland (spallation source SINQ)
  • the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory near Oxford (spallation source ISIS)
  • the Budapest Neutron Center at the Atomic Energy Research Institute in Budapest, Hungary

• In America
  • the NIST in Gaithersburg MD near Washington DC
  • the High Flux Isotope Reactor and the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory near Knoxville, Tennessee
  • the High Flux Beam Reactor and the Brookhaven Graphite Research Reactor at the Brookhaven National Laboratory , historically significant, now both shut down
  • the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source at Argonne National Laboratory in Argonne, Illinois (spallation source, operating since 1981)
  • the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico (source of spallation)
  • Chalk River Laboratories (Canada), historically significant ( Bertram Brockhouse )

• In Australia
  • The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization operated the historic HIFAR reactor and in 2007 brought one of the most modern neutron scattering facilities OPAL into operation

• In Russia
  • the pulsed IBR-2 reactor at the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, United Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna near Moscow (reactor operation since 1984)
  • the WWR-M reactor at the Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute in Gatchina near St. Petersburg (reactor operation since 1959, repeatedly renewed)

additional

In Germany there is a permanent committee for research with neutrons in order to coordinate and promote research across regions.

literature

• Wolfgang glasses: introduction to neutron physics. Karl Thiemig, Munich (1973).
• Neutron News , Journal for the Professional Community, Taylor & Francis, 1990- [1]

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Research Center Jülich - Research with Neutrons. Retrieved June 6, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Big Bang, Universe and Life: Research with Neutrons • Spallation Neutron Source ESS • Live in the Lecture Hall | Andreas Schreyer. March 22, 2019, accessed June 6, 2019 . 
3. ↑ Brochures - Brochures & Films - News & Press - MLZ - Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Center. Retrieved June 6, 2019 . 
4. ↑ IBR-2. Retrieved June 6, 2019 . 
5. ^ PNPI - Europe - Neutron Centers - Neutronsources. Retrieved June 6, 2019 .