Françoise Marie de Bourbon

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Portrait of Françoise Marie de Bourbons by Pierre Gobert

Françoise Marie de Bourbon (born May 4, 1677 at Maintenon Castle ; † February 1, 1749 in Paris ), also known as Mademoiselle de Blois , was a natural daughter of the French King Louis XIV and was married to Philippe II. Orléans 1692 Duchess of Chartres and 1701 Duchess of Orléans .

Life

Françoise Marie de Bourbon was born the fifth child and third daughter of King Louis XIV of France and his mistress Madame de Montespan . The children from this connection were legitimized by the king from 1673 , Françoise Marie, with the title Mademoiselle de Blois , but not until November 1681. The upbringing of the illegitimate children of the king was incumbent on Madame de Maintenon , after the exile Madame de Montespans die Took on the role of mother of the children.

Françoise Marie de Bourbon is described as the embodiment of pride and laziness. Her husband called her Madame Lucifer . René Louis d'Argenson could see numerous similarities between Françoise Marie and her mother, but she also possessed the sense of order, justice and assertiveness of her father.

Françoise Marie de Bourbon as Duchess of Chartres

In 1692 the Sun King made the decision to marry his now 14-year-old daughter to her 17-year-old cousin Philippe II. D'Orléans, the future regent of France. Although she was born illegitimately, Françoise Marie regarded herself as “the daughter of France” and her cousin and future husband only as “grandson of France”, which is why she believed that she was honoring him by agreeing to the wedding. The wedding took place on February 18, 1692 in what was then the chapel of the Palace of Versailles . The current chapel was only completed and put into operation in 1710. The bride's father organized an elaborate and expensive wedding and presented the young bride and groom with jewelry and a considerable fortune.

Françoise was beautiful and funny, but according to her mother-in-law Liselotte von der Pfalz , she spent the whole day lying on the sofa in her negligee . She often nibbled on sweets there or got drunk three or four times a week. Although she allowed her husband to have mistresses for the first few years , she was too lazy to take her own lover. However, this saved them from being the target of the usual bad talk. Later she estranged herself from her husband, whose frequently changing mistresses, who were often actresses or prostitutes, offended her pride.

The relationship between Françoise Marie and her older sister, Louise Françoise , was overshadowed by scenes of jealousy. Both sisters wanted their daughters to marry off the youngest son of the Grand Dauphin Louis , Charles de Bourbon, duc de Berry . Françoise Marie was finally able to win Maria Adelaide of Savoy and Madame de Maintenon on her side, and so the Duke of Berry married their daughter Marie Louise Elisabeth d'Orléans in 1710 , who surpassed all the negative qualities of her mother; however, he soon died of a riding accident.

When the Sun King died in 1715, Françoise Marie's husband became regent for Louis XV. , the underage great-grandson of Louis XIV, and in 1722 their daughter Louise Elisabeth married the Spanish Infante Ludwig .

Françoise Marie had to mourn the deaths of almost all of her children. Only their son Louis and their daughter Charlotte Aglaé , the Duchess of Modena , lived longer than their mother. Until her death in 1749 at the age of 71, Françoise Marie resided in the Palais Royal , which her family had received from the king on the occasion of their wedding.

progeny

The marriage to Philippe had eight children, seven of whom reached adulthood.

literature

  • Édouard de Barthélemy: Les filles du régent. La duchesse de Berry, l'abbesse de Chelles, la Princesse de Modène, la Reine d'Espagne, la Princesse de Conti, Mademoiselle de Beaujolais . Firmin-Didot, Paris 1874, pp. 5-28 ( online ).
  • Ève de Castro: Les Bâtards du Soleil . Presses pocket, Paris 1989, ISBN 2-266-02815-4 .
  • Guy Raoul Jean Eugène Charles Emmanuel de Savoie-Carignan: Six great princesses . Holden & Hardingham, London 1913, pp. 15-30 ( online ).
  • Dirk Van der Cruysse: Being a Madame is a great craft. Lieselotte von der Pfalz - a German princess at the court of the Sun King . Piper, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-492-12141-1 , pp. 385-388.
  • Hugh Noel Williams: Unruly Daughters. A Romance of the House of Orléans . GP Putnam's sons, New York 1913, pp. 19-28 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Françoise Marie de Bourbon  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ^ Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd (ed.): Burke's Royal Families of the World . Volume 1. Burke's Peerage, London 1977, p. 85.
  2. ↑ Some publications mention February 9th and May 25th as the date of birth.
  3. ↑ Simone Bertiere: Les Reines de France au temps des Bourbons. Volume 2: Les Femmes du Roi-Soleil. Édition de Fallois, Paris 1998, ISBN 978-2-253-14712-1 , p. 240.
  4. ^ A b c Françoise Marie de Bourbon at genealogics.org , accessed August 24, 2011.
  5. ↑ A very detailed account of the celebrations can be found in Alexandre Maral: La chapelle royale de Versailles sous Louis XIV. Cérémonial, liturgie et musique . Mardaga, Wavre 2010, ISBN 978-2-8047-0055-3 ( Mémoires et documents de l'École des chartes . Volume 67), pp. 345-349 ( excerpts online ).
  6. ^ Wilhelm Ludwig Holland (ed.): Letters from Duchess Elisabeth Charlotte von Orléans from the years 1716 to 1718. Literarischer Verein Stuttgart, Tübingen 1874, p. 238 ( online )
  7. ↑ Abraham Auguste Rolland: Lettres inédites de la Princesse Palatine . Hetzel, Paris 1863, p. 157 ( online ).
  8. ↑ HN Williams: Unruly Daughters. A Romance of the House of Orléans , p. 23.
  9. ^ D. Van der Cruysse: Madame is a great craft , p. 387.
  10. ^ Françoise Marie de Bourbon on thepeerage.com , accessed July 26, 2015.
personal data
SURNAME Bourbon, Françoise Marie de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mademoiselle de Blois; duchesse d'Orléans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION by marriage to the Duchess of Chartres and Orléans
DATE OF BIRTH May 4, 1677
PLACE OF BIRTH Maintenon Castle
DATE OF DEATH February 1, 1749
Place of death Paris