Franz Xaver Kugler

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Franz Xaver Kugler SJ

Franz Xaver Kugler , SJ (born November 27, 1862 in Königsbach an der Weinstrasse (Palatinate), † January 25, 1929 in Lucerne ) was a German mathematician , astronomical historian and Assyriologist .

Life

Franz Xaver Kugler studied natural sciences at the Universities of Heidelberg and Munich . In 1885 he received his doctorate in chemistry. A year later he entered the Jesuit novitiate in the Netherlands. After finishing the same he studied philosophy at the Ordenskolleg Exaten (Netherlands) and theology in Ditton Hall (Great Britain).

In 1893 Kugler was ordained a priest . From 1897 he taught as a professor of higher mathematics at the Jesuit College in Valkenburg in the Netherlands.

Eight weeks after his 67th birthday, Franz Xaver Kugler died in the Schloss Steinhof nursing home run by the Brothers of Mercy in Lucerne .

reception

Kugler achieved national importance in the Babel-Bible dispute . Through his critical statements on panbabylonism , Kugler contributed to the end of this extremely controversial discussion against Friedrich Delitzsch and Hugo Winckler .

His work in Assyriology was recognized as a pioneering achievement, but Kugler's findings are now partially outdated. The premise he advocated that a modern understanding of science was already present in the Babylonian - Assyrian texts was later criticized.

As the successor to Joseph Epping and Johann Nepomuk Strassmaier (1846–1920), Kugler continued their theories. His Babylonian moon bill (1900) called astronomy historian Noel Swerdlow the most original and most difficult investigation, which was undertaken in the history of science by then his astronomy and star service in Babel , which appeared from 1907 treated a number next to the Babylonian planetary theories other topics of Babylonian astronomy and applies still today as one of the fundamental works in this field, although they have been partially superseded by Otto Neugebauer's Astronomical cuneiform texts (ACT) published from 1955 onwards . There are also scattered remarks against Panbabylonism, which he presents in more detail in his book Im Bannkreis Babels from 1910.

Publications (selection)

Books:

Some journal articles:

  • Explanations and theses on ancient Babylonian chronology , Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und related areas, 22 (1909), pp. 63–78
  • GUR, masihu sa sattuk, KA , Journal of Assyriology and Allied Areas, 23 (1909), pp. 267-273
  • Cultural and historical significance of Babylonian astronomy . In: Association publication of the Görres Society, vol. 2 (1907), pp. 38–50.
  • On the ruins of panbabylonism . In: Anthropos Vol. 4 (1909)
  • Two List A Kassite Kings , Journal of Assyriology and Allied Fields, 24 (1910), 173–178.
  • Chronological and Social Issues from the Time of Lugalanda and Urukagina’s , Journal of Assyriology and Related Fields, 25 (1911), pp. 275–280.
  • Contribution à la météorologie babylonienne , Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale, 8 (1911), pp. 107–130.
  • Comments on the latest King List , Journal of Assyriology and Allied Fields, 27 (1912), 242–245.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Swerdlow, foreword in Swerdlow (ed.) Ancient astronomy and celestial divination , MIT Press 1999, p. 7.
  2. ^ Exact titles of the volumes in the Gent literature list
personal data
SURNAME Kugler, Franz Xaver
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mathematician and astronomical historian
DATE OF BIRTH November 27, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Königsbach on the Wine Route
DATE OF DEATH January 25, 1929
Place of death Lucerne