Franciscan monastery Limburg

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Franciscan monastery Limburg
The former monastery church and today's Catholic town church.
The former monastery church and today's Catholic town church .
location Kirchgasse 1, 65549 Limburg an der Lahn
Lies in the diocese Diocese of Limburg
Saxon , then Thuringian Franciscan Province
Coordinates: 50 ° 23 '15.2 "  N , 8 ° 3' 58.1"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 23 '15.2 "  N , 8 ° 3' 58.1"  E
Patronage St. Sebastian
founding year 1232 first settlement
1252 construction of the first wooden church by Franciscans
Year of dissolution /
annulment 		during the Reformation between 1577 and 1582
Year of repopulation 16th Century
Year of re-dissolution 1813 as part of secularization
City church in mendicant order style with adjoining former monastery buildings

The Franciscan Monastery of Limburg was a Franciscan monastery in Limburg an der Lahn and existed from around 1232 to 1813. The monastery church was today's town church , the monastery buildings on today's Bischofsplatz have been used by the Diocese of Limburg as the residence of the bishop and diocesan administration since 1827 .

history

Around 1232, the Franciscans, members of a mendicant order belonging to the Discalceates ("barefoot"), settled in Limburg and in 1252 initially used a wooden church, the predecessor of the town church. The church was rebuilt at the beginning of the 14th century and was made possible by donations from the wealthy Limburg citizens to the monastery. During the reform movements in the Franciscan order in the 15th century, the Limburg Franciscans joined the stricter "observance movement" and in 1485 transferred their entire property to the Archbishop of Trier in 1458 . The Reformation led to the closure of the monastery between 1577 and 1582. It was then continued and took a significant boom in the 17th century, which led to the fact that it acquired the gardens and houses in the area on the south side of the Roßmarkt and along the city wall . From 1625 the convent in Limburg belonged to the renewed Saxon Franciscan Province and in 1635 came to the newly formed Thuringian Order Province ; the novitiate belonged to the convent , and he ran a Latin school, a brewery (1713) and a cloth factory with dyeing (1713).

The Franciscan monastery was closed again in 1813 in the course of secularization . The church was taken over by the state and declared a city church in 1820. From 1794, the electoral court court, which had fled Koblenz from the French, was located in parts of the monastery; between 1809 and 1822 it served as an official recipe with an official apartment for the ducal bailiff until he moved to the Erbach. The east and south-east wing of the abolished monastery housed the ducal Nassau mint with an apartment for the mint master between 1816 and 1830 . Since 1827 the diocese of Limburg, founded that year, used the building ensemble as the residence of the bishop and diocesan administration.

building

In 1742 the church was rebuilt in baroque style. In front of the west facade of the church and monastery was a walled forecourt, in which the cemetery and from around 1670 until the construction of the so-called auditorium (1744/45) the grammar school was located. The heart of the building complex, which was built in its present form between 1737 and 1743, is the former medieval cloister south of the church. Extensive reconstruction of the previous buildings resulted in an elongated wing to the south and an angular extension to the east. The wings are each three-story with even window axes and high mansard or gable roofs, only the north and west sections are two-story. The facade facing Bischofsplatz shows seven window axes with simple ashlar frames and a mansard roof with windows. The year 1738 is on the diamond-coated keystone of the portal. The buildings of the Baroque period were executed in very simple forms, decorative forms and representation rooms were largely dispensed with. The Gothic cloister vaults were replaced by baroque barrel vaults . On the ground floor of the southwest corner of the cloister quarter, two deeply drawn Gothic groin vaults remain - presumably once part of the monastery's former medieval brewery. A total of three barrel-vaulted cellar rooms probably also come from the previous development. The enclosure existed until 1808 when it was demolished to create today's Bischofsplatz.

In addition to small remnants of the brightly colored interior from the renovation phase, various medieval and baroque pieces of equipment (chests, cupboards, paintings and sculptures) as well as the three-lane, marbled main staircase with sloping balusters from the 18th century have been preserved in the rooms . In 1930/31 some renovations were carried out, in which the entrance to the courtyard was decorated with a high relief of the riding George , which was designed by Arnold Hensler in 1932 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Former. Franciscan monastery and Franciscan church of St. Sebastian, now Episcopal Ordinariate and City Church In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hessen
  2. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Former. Franciscan monastery and Franciscan church of St. Sebastian, now Episcopal Ordinariate and City Church In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hessen