Freestyle wrestling
The freestyle wrestling is a form of struggle . Together with Greco-Roman wrestling , it forms the wrestling disciplines at the Olympic Games.
regulate
When wrestling, two opponents face each other on a mostly square mat. A red circle with a diameter of about 3 m printed on this mat serves as a guide for the fighters. A white ring with a diameter of approximately 6 m serves as the boundary of the battlefield. The fight is divided into two three-minute sections. The break between the rounds lasts 30 seconds.
Both opponents face each other at the start of the fight. The fighter who scores the first point will have a choice in the next bout period: he then starts lying on the ground under his opponent, on his kneeling opponent or standing again. The wrestler who loses the first point in the first period will make this decision in the third period.
All actions that endanger the wrestler's health are prohibited: hitting, kicking, choking , overstretching the joints, grasping individual fingers or pulling on hair or genitals. The opponent must also not be held between the eyebrows and mouth. Speaking on the mat is also prohibited.
Handles and Techniques
In contrast to the Greco-Roman style , which only allows handles above the belt, the opponent is attacked all over the body in the free style. Your own legs can also be used to attack the opponent (e.g. to turn him onto his shoulders in ground combat). The following techniques are typical for freestyle wrestling:
- The split grip is a grip in which one grabs the opponent between the legs and jerks it up. It is preferably used to lift or turn an opponent who is in the bank in order to score points. The split handle can be very uncomfortable for a wrestler.
- When grabbing a package , the opponent is grabbed around the neck with one arm. With the other arm you grasp the leg of the opponent in the back of the knee and pull it up so that he can no longer free himself from this grip.
- With the leg screw , the legs of the opponent lying on the ground are crossed and fixed. Then the attacker tries to stand up and "screw" the opponent into a dangerous shoulder position.
history
As early as 3000 BC There were wrestling schools in ancient China . In 708 BC Wrestling was included in the ancient Olympic Games . The wrestling was done in the classical style and dangerous grips were forbidden.
Freestyle wrestling has a more Anglo-Saxon tradition and became an Olympic discipline in St. Louis in 1904 . Well-known Olympic freestyle wrestlers for Germany were z. B. Adolf Seger and Martin Knosp .
In Europe , Hungary and Germany held supremacy in wrestling in the 1920s. From 1930 until World War II , wrestlers from Sweden and Finland were the best in the world. After World War II, Soviet wrestlers began to dominate both Greco-Roman and free styles. In addition, wrestling strongholds developed in other countries in Eastern and Southeastern Europe - for example in Romania , Hungary and Bulgaria .
After the collapse of the Soviet Union , Russia initially remained the leading wrestling nation, but increasingly stronger wrestlers developed in the former states of the Soviet Union. At the turn of the millennium, Iran , Kazakhstan , Cuba , Turkey and South Korea mostly formed Russia's group of persecutors in the medal table. Other former Soviet republics such as Azerbaijan , Armenia , Georgia and Ukraine are also established among the world's best. In general, the number of countries that win medals in international tournaments has grown significantly. With Asia, (North) America and Europe there are three continents from which successful wrestlers come.
