Stranglehold

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A stranglehold is a technique that is intended to make the opponent incapable of fighting or to force him to give up by cutting off the air supply or oxygen supply to the brain. Choking techniques are practiced and used in many martial arts , martial arts , self-defense and close-range combat systems.

Choke hold in hand-to-hand combat training

Different variations

Depending on how the choking technique is applied, it leads to uncomfortably difficult breathing or prevents new air from being breathed in and blocks the blood supply to the brain, thereby impairing the oxygen supply to the brain.

Tracheal stranglehold

Chokes that block the windpipe lead to a general lack of oxygen in the brain, the so-called global hypoxia , and to unconsciousness due to the respiratory failure . After a two to three minute loss of oxygen, brain tissue begins to die, and brain death occurs after about ten minutes . Sometimes such a gagging technique can also lead to a fracture of the larynx or hyoid bone .

Neck vein strangulation

This grip squeezes the left and right veins on the neck so that blood cannot flow from the head back to the heart. If done well, this usually leads to unconsciousness within 8 to 14 seconds. When the grip is released, the strangled person will usually regain consciousness within 10 to 20 seconds.

Self defense / martial arts

A choking technique is usually performed when the opponent has been brought to the ground by a takedown and you are in an advantageous position such as the guard or the mount . However, some choking techniques can also be performed while standing (e.g. guillotine choke ). A headlock is also a stranglehold. In a self-defense situation, the technique is carried out until the aggressor is unconscious. In sporting competitions, for example in the context of mixed martial arts or submission wrestling , the stranglehold is released as soon as the opponent signals his task by knocking on it. Choke holds are an essential part of training in sports such as Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and Luta Livre .

police

After there were already fatalities in arrests, especially in the United States, the practice of arrest was banned in Los Angeles as early as the 1980s and later at least restricted in some other police departments such as New York .

After the violent death of George Floyd and the subsequent international protests ("I can't breathe") in 2020, a new controversy arose about this arrest practice. States such as France are aiming for a ban. According to Interior Minister Christophe Castaner , it should no longer be taught in police academies. In Minneapolis itself a ban was also ordered by the mayor.

See also

Web links

Commons : strangleholdings  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Introduction to the subject of "stranglehold" in martial arts in general , accessed on April 1, 2018.
  2. ↑ Lecture by forensic medicine Homburg on unconsciousness due to strangulation, slide 10, - Undersupply of the brain when suffocating , accessed on April 1, 2018.
  3. ↑ Lecture by forensic medicine Homburg on unconsciousness due to strangulation, slide 10 - onset of death due to suffocation , accessed on April 1, 2018.
  4. ↑ Lecture by forensic medicine Homburg on unconsciousness due to strangulation, slide 10, - unconsciousness due to suffocation , accessed on April 1, 2018.
  5. ↑ DT Reay, JW Eisele: Death from law enforcement neck holds. . In: The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology . 3, No. 3, September 1982, pp. 253-8. doi : 10.1097 / 00000433-198209000-00012 . PMID 7148779 .
  6. ↑ Kelly Ban's Choke Holds By Officers . In: New York Times , November 24, 1993. Archived from the original on July 26, 2015. Retrieved September 25, 2015. 
  7. ↑ France forbids stranglehold on arrests ; Spiegel Online from June 8, 2020; accessed on June 8, 2020