Adlershof cemetery

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Adlershof cemetery chapel
Tomb with Jesus figure
Hereditary funeral
For the fighters against the Kapp Putsch

The Adlershof cemetery is located at Friedlander Straße 156 in the Berlin district of Treptow-Köpenick , Adlershof district . It was laid out from October 1877, expanded again and again and in 2014 covers an area of ​​121,223 m², on which there are many old trees.

history

Adlershoff , initially known as Süß (sz) engrund, was founded on April 14, 1754 as a colonist establishment in the Cöllnisches Forst . Since 1879, the Adlershoff and Süszengrund estate districts have had the uniform name of Adlershof. The residents had their first cemetery on a property belonging to the landowner on Dorfstrasse , which later became Bismarckstrasse and, since 1951, Dörpfeldstrasse . This was leveled around 1850. In 1890 the first community school for boys was built on the site.

After the mulberry tree plantation was abandoned, the cemetery was moved a little further to Kronprinzenstrasse (since 1951 Wassermannstrasse) between Bismarckstrasse and Selchowstrasse. In view of the increasing development, this area, which is located close to the town center, also proved to be unsuitable. In addition, the number of deaths increased, which meant that more space was needed. If 19 people died in 1847, there were 183 deaths in 1903.

In October 1877 the local council decided on a 5,462 m² plot of land on the northwestern edge of the municipality, which bordered directly on the Cölln Heath . The size of the historical burial site can be guessed at from the Friedlander Straße / Hackenbergstraße cemetery access, because the two walls running at right angles to each other in the east and north with the hereditary burials used to mark the entire area.

In 1886 the first Adlershof cemetery fee schedule was issued. Due to the increasing death rates as a result of the population development, the administration of the cemetery became more and more expensive. The community also installed a three-member cemetery committee to ensure compliance with the fee schedule. Initially, only a small dirt road led from Dorfstraße to the cemetery, popularly known as the Kirchhofsweg , which roughly corresponded to the later Hackenbergstraße.

As the number of burials rose steadily, a paved driveway to the cemetery entrance was eventually necessary, but in front of the driveway a piece of land owned by Köpenick master baker Hugo Hackenberg (1849–1922) was in the way. At the community council meeting at the end of October 1889, an agreement was reached between community interests and the master baker: the new street was allowed to run over his property, for which it was named after him in Hackenbergstrasse. In 1892, the local council had Hackenbergstrasse paved , which ensured a proper connection.

A hall for the funerals was initially missing. In July 1894, the building contractor Albert Pförtner from Adlershof received the order to build a chapel with a morgue. The construction cost the community 6,000  marks and was completed within five months. Most of the magnificent hereditary burials on the historic cemetery walls date from the period between 1892 and 1902. Colonists, factory owners, merchants, and teachers created a lasting memory for themselves and their families beyond death.

In 1903 the local priest inaugurated the Adlershof communal cemetery. At this time, the site was first expanded into the Cölln Heath. From the initial 5,462 m², the Adlershof cemetery reached a total area of ​​33,990 m² by 1942. By then, around 10,000 people had been buried in the cemetery. In the last years of the war and afterwards, the cemetery was expanded many times over, up to an area of ​​121,223 m² (as of 2014).

The Treptow-Köpenick district office, which has been in charge since 2001, has decided that from January 1, 2008, no new burials may take place on the eastern part of the area in the extension of Wassermannstrasse. After a rest period of 30 years, it will be rededicated to a public green area, which will reduce the cemetery area by around a third.

description

In addition to the main entrance at Friedlander Strasse 156, at the corner of Hackenbergstrasse, where the cemetery administration is also located, there are the following other entrances: at Friedlander Strasse at the corner of Wassermannstrasse, in Helbigstrasse (closed) and in Cöllnische Heide.

Since the cemetery has old, healthy trees, it is also classified as a forest cemetery. The main paths in the older part are lined with linden trees.

There are three memorials spread across the Adlershof cemetery:

  • a grove of honor for the fallen of the First World War with cushion plates on a lawn,
  • a memorial for the dead of the Kapp Putsch of 1920 with a sculpture The Legacy of the Fighter by Hans Kies , in front of it a plaque with the inscription “The memory of the socialists who fell in the fight against the reaction ” and behind it memorial stones with the names of the deceased,
  • a memorial for those persecuted by National Socialism with a bronze stele by the sculptor Gerhard Thieme and behind it tombstones with the names and dates of the people buried here.

Numerous well-known personalities from local history are also buried in the cemetery. Many names are reminiscent of old Adlershof handicrafts and trades.

Tombs and personalities

See also

Web links

Commons : Adlershof Cemetery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Fighter's Legacy. Memorial to those who fell in the Kapp Putsch in 1920. In: bildhauerei-in-berlin.de (BiB) , accessed on May 2, 2020.
  2. ↑ Gerd Lüdersdorf: Blood trail in Köpenick and Adlershof. How Berlin workers opposed the Kapp putschists 90 years ago - risking their lives. In: neue-deutschland.de . March 20, 2010, accessed May 2, 2020.
  3. ↑ a b District Mayor Igel unveils information boards at the Adlershof cemetery . Press release from the Treptow-Köpenick district office from January 25, 2019.

Coordinates: 52 ° 26 '34.9 "  N , 13 ° 32' 48.2"  E