Friedrich Krafft (chemist)

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Friedrich Krafft

Friedrich Krafft (born February 21, 1852 in Bonn , † June 3, 1923 in Heidelberg ) was a German chemist .

His parents were Professor Wilhelm Ludwig Krafft (1821–1897) and Frieda von Scheibler (1828–1906) from Bonn . His grandfather was the pastor and consistorial councilor Johann Gottlob Krafft (1789–1830).

Live and act

Krafft began his studies in natural sciences in 1869 with August Kekulé , Rudolf Clausius and Gerhard vom Rath . In addition, he dealt with music history and had participated as a volunteer in the Franco-German War of 1870/71. 1874 doctorate he in August Kekule Dr. phil. with the work On Thiobenzene and Thioaniline

After another brief study at the ETH Zurich, he moved to Basel and completed his habilitation in 1875 with a thesis on the development of theoretical chemistry . He was then assistant to Jules Piccard until he was an associate in Basel in 1877. Professor was appointed. In 1880 he moved to Heidelberg, where he was ao. Became a professor and taught until 1922. At first, like Bunsen , he had a hard time there and worked in very cramped conditions until 1898.

He was interested in fatty acids, aromatic sulfonic acids and the gradual breakdown of carboxylic acids ( Krafftscher Carboxylic acid breakdown , 1879). He synthesized aromatic selenium and tellurium compounds and determined the boiling point of the precious metals.

Honors

  • In 1892 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .
  • In 1923 he was appointed full honorary professor in Heidelberg shortly before his death.

Fonts

  • Short textbook of chemistry (Leipzig and Vienna, Franz Denticke)
    • Vol. 1: Inorgan. Chemistry ; 1891
    • Vol. 2: Organic Chemistry ; 1893, 2nd edition 1897.
  • Inorganic chemistry . 3rd edition Deuticke, Leipzig 1898. ( digitized version )
  • F. Krafft, Adolf Stern, Hermann Wiglow: About the behavior of fatty acid alkalis and soaps in the presence of water Part I and II in: Ber. German chem. Ges. 27 (1894) Vol. 4, pp. 1747–1761, Part III " The soap as crystalloids " 28 (1895) Vol. 3 pp. 2566-2573 and Part IV " The soap as colloids " 28 (1895) Vol 3 pp. 2573-2582 (they defined a " precipitation temperature " which Lawrence named in 1935 as the Krafft point )
  • F. Krafft, Anton Strutz: " About the behavior of soap-like substances against water " in: Ber. German chem. Ges. 29 (1896) Vol. 2 pp. 1328-1334.
  • F. Krafft: " About a theory of colloidal solutions " in: Ber. German chem Ges. 29 (1896) Vol. 2 pp. 1334-1344
  • F. Krafft, R. Funcke: “ About the action of water on heptylamine soaps ” Ber. German chem. Ges. 33 (1900) Vol. 3 pp. 3210-3212

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ F. Krafft: About thiobenzene and thioaniline. In: Reports of the German Chemical Society. 7, 1874, pp. 384-385, doi : 10.1002 / cber.187400701121 .
  2. ↑ Life data, publications and academic family tree of Friedrich Krafft at academictree.org, accessed on February 24, 2018.
  3. ↑ F. Krafft: About lauric acid and its conversion into undecylic acid. In: Reports of the German Chemical Society. 12, 1879, pp. 1664-1668, doi : 10.1002 / cber.187901202126 .
  4. ↑ University and staff news in Angewandte Chemie 36 , 236 (1923).
  5. ↑ Auer von Welsbach Museum: Authors of the Bunsen Library Part 1 (PDF; 2.9 MB)
  6. ↑ Y. Moroi: Micelles: Theoretical and Applied Aspects . Springer, 1992, ISBN 0-306-43996-4 , pp. 114 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
personal data
SURNAME Krafft, Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH February 21, 1852
PLACE OF BIRTH Bonn
DATE OF DEATH June 3, 1923
Place of death Heidelberg