Friedrich Sander (psychologist)

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Friedrich Sander (born November 19, 1889 in Greiz ; † November 29, 1971 in Bonn ) was a German psychologist and professor at the University of Jena and the University of Bonn .

Career

After studying medicine in Munich and Leipzig, he received his doctorate in 1913. After working as a research assistant with Wilhelm Wundt, he completed his habilitation in psychology in Leipzig in 1923, where he remained a private lecturer until 1925 and nplao until 1929. Professor of Psychology at the Medical Faculty. He received a professorship at the University of Giessen . From October 1, 1933, until his dismissal in 1945, Sander headed the Psychological University Institute at the University of Jena as a full professor after the previous professor, Wilhelm Peters , had been dismissed for racist reasons. Sander was a member of the NSDAP and the NSLB. In 1940 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . From 1946 he had teaching positions again at the Free University of Berlin and TU Berlin , in 1949 he received a full teaching position at the Brandenburg State University in Potsdam . In 1952 he was appointed to the Max Planck Institute for Anthropology . 1955 to 1958 he taught as full professor at the University of Bonn.

From 1938 to 1945 and from 1953 Sander was on the board of the German Society for Psychology and co-editor of the archive for all psychology . From 1955 he headed the company until he had to resign in 1960 because of his Nazi past.

Achievements and attitude in National Socialism

Sander was a co-founder of genetic holistic psychology and discovered the parallelogram illusion . In contrast to an analytical psychology, Sander took the view of a mental apparatus that cannot be described by the sum of its parts. Simone Wittmann writes in On the 'paradoxical dual nature of the intellectual': The case of Friedrich Sander : “It was only with writings from 1933 onwards that Sander committed himself to the 'National Socialist Movement.'” a. with the following quotes:

“The longing of a national body divided into parties and classes for wholeness, the holy will to express the own essence of the German people purely, to cut off everything foreign to its shape and parasitically overgrown, the pride conscious of its own worth, the law of action only from itself To let them dictate itself has deeply [...] moved the youth. She found in Adolf Hitler the man who was chosen to lead this longing and this will to the goal, and followed him [...] To draw the picture of this German youth scientifically tenable is the task of youth studies of the present ”.

or:

“The whole, the people in their living space, should live, even if the individual perishes [...] whoever wants to help the desire of the people's soul to express its own essence to its goal must eliminate everything that is alien to the shape, in particular, he must eliminate all alien racial elements make corrosive influences ineffective. The elimination of the parasitically rampant Judaism has its deep ethical justification in this will to the pure form of the German essence as well as the sterility of the bearers of inferior genetic material of their own people ”.

Sander removed his political statements in the later editions of his works.

Publications (selection)

  • with Felix Krueger : Gestalt und Sinn , 3 vols., Leipzig 1928–32
  • On the more recent theory of feeling , Jena 1937
  • Functional structure, totality of experience and shape , o. O. 1942
  • Edited by the archive for the whole of psychology
  • Holistic Psychology , Beck, Munich 1962

literature

  • Ernst Klee: The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945? , Fischer, Frankfurt / M. 2007, p. 519

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Klaus-Peter Horn: Educational Science in Germany in the 20th Century , Klinkhard 2003, p. 323
  2. ↑ http://www.wissenschaft-online.de/abo/lexikon/psycho/5502/
  3. ↑ http://journals.zpid.de/index.php/PuG/article/viewFile/315/351
  4. ↑ Sander, 1934b, p. 1 ff.
  5. ^ F. Sander: German Psychology and National Socialist Weltanschauung. National Socialist Education , 2, 1937, p. 642
personal data
SURNAME Sander, Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH November 19, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Greiz
DATE OF DEATH November 29, 1971
Place of death Bonn