Friedrich Schubert (geodesist)

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Friedrich Theodor Schubert (1838)

Theodor Friedrich Schubert , Russian Фёдор Фёдорович Шуберт , Fjodor Fjodorowitsch Schubert, called Friedrich Schubert, also Friedrich von Schubert; ( February 12, 1789 in Saint Petersburg , † November 15, 1865 in Stuttgart ) was a Russian officer and geodesist .

biography

education

He was the son of the German-born geographer and astronomer at the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences Friedrich Theodor von Schubert and Luise Friederike von Cronhelm (1764-1819). Schubert received mathematical lessons from his father and from 1800 he was at the military academy in Saint Petersburg for three years.

Military service and academic activity

From 1804 he worked as a military cartographer and accompanied his father on an expedition to the Chinese border in 1805. He took part as a staff officer in the campaigns against Turkey (1807, 1810), Sweden in Finland (1808/1809) and Napoleon (1806-1807 and 1812-1815), where he was wounded in 1807 in the Battle of Preussisch Eylau , 1814 Liaison officer to Prussia and also performed diplomatic tasks. In 1810 he was promoted to captain and in 1815 to colonel. He stayed in France until 1819 and carried out cartographic tasks ( Flanders ) as before in the other campaigns . From 1819 he was department head in the map depot of the General Staff and from 1822 to 1843 head of the military topographical corps, and in this role he organized the mapping of Russia. He worked with the director of the Dorpat observatory Wilhelm Struwe . In the 1830s, nautical charts of the Baltic Sea were added on the frigate Hercules . In 1820 he became major general. From 1834 to 1843 he was also Quartermaster General in the General Staff. From 1843 he was on the war council, in 1845 he became general of the infantry and in 1846 head of the scientific advisory commission in the war ministry. In 1861 he retired and went traveling.

In an 1859 essay on the figure of the earth, he suggested a three-axis ellipsoid .

Memberships, family, honor

Schubert's grave in the Hoppenlauffriedhof in Stuttgart

He was a member of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences and the Academy of Arts . In 1827 he became an honorary member of both academies.

Schubert was married to Sophie Rall (1801–1833), daughter of the court banker Baron Alexander Franz von Rall in Saint Petersburg. With her he had a son and three daughters, of whom Elisabeth (1820–1879), married General Vasily Corwin-Krukowski (1800–1874), was the mother of Sofia Kovalevskaya . The daughter Alexandrine (1824–1901) was married to Nikolaus von Adelung (1809–1878), Olga von Württemberg's secretary in Stuttgart.

His memoirs Unter dem Doppeladler appeared in 1962 (publisher Erik Amburger , Koehler Verlag, Stuttgart). A moon crater is named after him. In 1865 he died in Stuttgart, where he was buried in the Hoppenlauffriedhof .

literature

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