Friedrich Stiwitz

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Friedrich Stiwitz , called Fritz Stiwitz , wrongly also Stiewitz or Stiebitz (born May 15, 1910 in Sobernheim , † October 30, 1957 declared dead by the Spandau District Court ) was a German SS-Unterscharfuhrer in concentration camps who committed Nazi violent crimes there was involved.

Life

Stiwitz was a locksmith and lathe operator. After the National Socialist seizure of power , he was a member of the SA from April 1933 to September 1939 .

From October 1940 he was a member of the Waffen SS and was transferred to the camp SS in Auschwitz . At first he did duty there as a security guard, from July 1941 he was deployed as block leader, then as deputy report leader and finally as labor service leader.

In January 1944 he became camp leader of the Goldfields satellite camp, which was attached to the Vaivara concentration camp . On May 13, 1944, he married Herta, née Tack, who was also a guard at Auschwitz. Most recently he was employed in the Ohrdruf forced labor camp , a satellite camp of the Buchenwald concentration camp , and finally in the Mauthausen concentration camp . At the end of the war his track is lost. At the request of his wife, he was pronounced dead in 1957.

Characterization of Stiwitz by Auschwitz survivors and members of the camp SS

Stiwitz was on a list of Auschwitz perpetrators with the Nazi violent crimes assigned to them, which Józef Cyrankiewicz of the Auschwitz Combat Group smuggled out of the camp as a handwritten receipt in mid-September 1944 . This list was intended for the Allies in order to be able to convict the Nazi perpetrators in an international court. In this report, Stiwitz was described as the son of a pastor who was a mass murderer and sadist in Auschwitz. On instructions from his superiors, Hans Aumeier and Maximilian Grabner , he carried out a large number of death sentences on prisoners by shooting them in the neck at the Black Wall , including shooting pregnant women first in the stomach and then in the head. The inmate Ota Fabian, who was used to carry the corpse at the time, reported in the first Auschwitz trial in Frankfurt about an incident with Stiwitz after an execution :

“As I was carrying in front, I suddenly heard a voice behind me on the stretcher: Mr. Oberscharführer, you hit me badly . Stiewitz, who had shot at the time, said: Shut up, you'll get another one! . We had to put the stretcher down and Stiewitz shot the inmate in the head. "

Auschwitz survivor Ella Lingens-Reiner described Stiwitz as a tall and skinny man "with a disgusting, degenerate face" who selected prisoner women for the gas chamber .

Heinrich Bischoff later stated that Stiwitz was "feared by the prisoners and lower SS ranks ". Von Stiwitz's wife doubted that he had behaved humanely towards prisoners.

literature

  • Ernst Klee : Auschwitz. Perpetrators, accomplices, victims and what became of them. A dictionary of persons . S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2013, ISBN 978-3-10-039333-3 .
  • Wacław Długoborski , Franciszek Piper (eds.): Auschwitz 1940–1945. Studies on the history of the Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp. Verlag Staatliches Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau, Oswiecim 1999, five volumes: I. Construction and structure of the camp. II. The prisoners - conditions of existence, work and death. III. Destruction. IV. Resistance. V. Epilog., ISBN 83-85047-76-X .
  • Andrea Rudorff (edit.): The persecution and murder of European Jews by National Socialist Germany 1933–1945 (source collection) Volume 16: Auschwitz concentration camp 1942–1945 and the time of the death marches 1944/45 . Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-11-036503-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Date and place of birth according to Ernst Klee: Auschwitz. Perpetrators, accomplices and victims and what became of them. An encyclopedia of persons , Frankfurt am Main 2013, p. 390
  2. ^ Ernst Klee: Auschwitz. Perpetrators, accomplices and victims and what became of them. Ein Personenlexikon , Frankfurt am Main 2013, p. 390 and State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau (ed.): Auschwitz death books . Volume 1: Reports , Munich 1995, p. 300
  3. ↑ a b c State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau (ed.): Auschwitz death books . Volume 1: Reports , Munich 1995, p. 300
  4. ↑ a b Andrea Rudorff (edit.): The persecution and murder of European Jews by National Socialist Germany 1933–1945 (source collection) Volume 16: The Auschwitz concentration camp 1942–1945 and the time of the death marches 1944/45 . Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-11-036503-0 , p. 287, fn. 25
  5. ↑ a b c d e Ernst Klee: Auschwitz. Perpetrators, accomplices and victims and what became of them. An encyclopedia of persons , Frankfurt am Main 2013, p. 390
  6. ↑ Andrea Rudorff (edit.): The Auschwitz concentration camp 1942–1945 and the time of the death marches 1944/45 , Berlin 2018, pp. 468, 472
  7. ↑ Andrea Rudorff (edit.): The Auschwitz concentration camp 1942–1945 and the time of the death marches 1944/45 . Berlin 2018, p. 472
personal data
SURNAME Stiwitz, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stiwitz, Fritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German SS leaders and war criminals in concentration camps
DATE OF BIRTH May 15, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Sobernheim
DATE OF DEATH after 1944