Fritz Maass

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Fritz Maass (1965)

Fritz Maass , also Maaß , full name: Fritz Otto Ernst Moritz Maaß (born February 15, 1910 in Naugard , Pomerania ; † March 12, 2005 in Bad Nauheim ) was a German Protestant theologian and professor of the Old Testament at the Church University of Berlin and at the Universities of Kiel and Mainz.

Live and act

After graduating from high school, Maass studied Protestant theology and German at the University of Berlin from 1928 to 1930 . From 1930 he studied Oriental Philology at the University of Halle ; In 1934 he passed his 1st state examination. He was then a research assistant for the Old Testament in Halle (1934/35) and Berlin (1935/36). in Halle he had become a member of the German Christian Student Union; In November 1933 he joined the SA with the entire Halle DCSV , which, according to his later assessment, began one of the darkest chapters of my life .

In 1936 he was sent to the German Church of the Redeemer in Jerusalem as assistant preacher and taught at the German School. During this time he completed his dissertation on the history of forms of the Mishnah . With special consideration of the treatise Abot , with which he obtained his Lic. Theol. received his doctorate. At the beginning of the Second World War in early September 1939 he was repatriated to Germany, where he was about to be drafted into military service.

In December 1939, however, he received an offer from the head of the Church Foreign Office, Theodor Heckel , to take over the Protestant community in Shanghai . For this he was released from military service for five years. He left Germany on February 1 and reached Shanghai on February 23, 1940. In addition to community work, he took over religious instruction at the German-speaking Kaiser Wilhelm School . Elisabeth van Raamsdonk-Maass from the Netherlands was already active in the evangelical community in Shanghai and became his wife. He succeeded in expanding the community's work with children and young people and in establishing a separate news paper for the community.

Through outspoken articles and critical statements against the Hitler regime, after a short time he attracted the displeasure of the NSDAP local group in particular. In October 1942, this initially led to his religious instruction at the German school being withdrawn. Against the will of the party, he openly supported emigrants like the artist Emma Bormann , for whom he made sales exhibitions possible in his apartment. He maintained an unusually tolerant administration. When the Protestant refugees from Germany, who were considered non-Aryans according to the racial laws or who were members of their families, were interned in the Shanghai ghetto in the Hongkou district in 1943 , Maass made regular visits, supported them in cooperation with the World Council of Churches and began services there too to celebrate. Thereupon he was dismissed from the service of the parish in the summer of 1944. But he stayed in Shanghai.

In 1947 he returned to Germany and was initially reinstated as a pastor and pastor. At the same time he assisted Leonhard Rost in the reconstruction of the Institutum Judaicum at the Humboldt University in Berlin . After his habilitation on ecstasy in Old Testament prophecy in 1950, he worked as a lecturer at the Church University in Berlin and at the Humboldt University. In 1964 he was appointed professor for the Old Testament at Kiel University; After five years, in the spring of 1969 he was appointed to the professorship for Old Testament and Biblical Archeology at the University of Mainz . He taught there until his retirement. He spent his retirement with his family in Denzlingen near Freiburg .

Academic career

1934–1935: Scientific assistant for theology: Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg in Halle ad Saale
1935–1936: Scientific assistant for theology: Humboldt University of Berlin (1946-), Friedrich Wilhelms University of Berlin ( –1946) in Berlin
1948–1958: Privatdozent for Old Testament: Kirchliche Hochschule Berlin in Berlin
1951–1958: Privatdozent for Old Testament: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (1946-), Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin (–1946) in Berlin
1958–1964: o. Professor for Old Testament: Church College Berlin in Berlin
1961–1962: Rector Church College Berlin in Berlin
1964–1969: o. Professor for Old Testament: Institute for Old Testament Science and Biblical Archeology in Kiel
1969–1975 : Professor of the Old Testament: Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz in Mainz

Works

  • Form history of the Mishnah: with special consideration of the treatise Abot. Berlin: Junker and Dünnhaupt 1937, also: Halle, Theol. Diss. (= New German Research 165; New German Research / Department of Oriental Philology and Cultural History 2)
  • (Ed.) The distant and near word: Festschrift dedicated to Leonhard Rost on the occasion of his 70th birthday on November 30, 1966. Berlin: Töpelmann 1967 (= BZAW 105)
  • (with Rudolf Sellheim, ed.): Otto Eißfeldt - Small writings. 5th volume. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), Tübingen 1973, ISBN 3-16-131632-0 .
  • What is christianity Tübingen: JCB Mohr (Paul Siebeck) 1978 ISBN 3-16-141201-X , 2nd edition 1981, 3rd edition 1982 ISBN 3-16-144532-5

Self-publications

  • What is due Waldkirch: Waldkircher Verlagsgesellschaft 1985
  • From Jerusalem to Shanghai. Farewell to confessionalism. Denzlingen 1987
  • About the new confession to God. Typesetting and printing Horst Schmitz, Freiburg 1989
  • Confession to Jesus. Typesetting and printing Horst Schmitz, Freiburg 1989
  • Frankly. Typesetting and printing Druckerei Furtwängler, Denzlingen 1991
  • Even through the night - a German fate in the 20th century. Typesetting and printing Druckerei Furtwängler, Denzlingen 1992
  • Thoughts on the Gospel of Mark. Typesetting and printing Druckerei Furtwängler, Denzlingen 1993
  • Thoughts on the letter to the Galatians. Typesetting and printing of the Furtwängler printing company, Denzlingen 1994
  • Science and belief in God. Typesetting and printing Druckerei Furtwängler, Denzlingen 1995
  • Why and what for? Typesetting Jens Wild Druck Druckerei Furtwängler, Denzlingen 1996
  • The historical Jesus. Typesetting and printing Druckerei Furtwängler, Denzlingen 1996

literature

  • Barbara Schmitt-Englert: Germans in China 1920–1950 - Everyday Life and Changes. Ludwigshafen writings on China. Ostasien-Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-940527-50-9 ( PDF file at china-buchservice.de)
  • Astrid Freyeisen: Shanghai and the politics of the Third Reich. Königshausen & Neumann, 2000, ISBN 978-3-8260-1690-5 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Quoted from Freyeisen (Lit.), p. 179
  2. ↑ Roland Löffler: Protestants in Palestine: Religious Policy, Social Protestantism and Mission in the German Evangelical and Anglican Institutions of the Holy Land 1917–1939, (= Denomination and Society; Vol. 37), Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2008; ISBN 3-17-019693-6 ; P. 168
  3. ^ Freyeisen (lit.), p. 186
  4. ↑ Freyeisen (lit.), p. 187
  5. ↑ Freyeisen (lit.), p. 188
personal data
SURNAME Maass, Fritz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Maaß, Fritz Otto Ernst Moritz (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Protestant theologian and professor for the Old Testament at the Universities of Kiel and Mainz
DATE OF BIRTH February 15, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Naugard , Pomerania
DATE OF DEATH March 12, 2005
Place of death Bad Nauheim