Göllü Dağ

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Göllü Dağ
Crater lake

Crater lake

height 2143  m
location Niğde , Turkey
Mountains Taurus Mountains
Coordinates 38 ° 15 '35 "  N , 34 ° 33' 4"  E Coordinates: 38 ° 15 '35 "  N , 34 ° 33' 4"  E
Göllü Dağ (Turkey)
Göllü Dağ
Type Lava dome
rock Rhyolite , obsidian
Last eruption unknown

The Göllü Dağ is a 2143 meter high volcano in the Turkish province of Niğde .

location

The Göllü Dağ is part of the Taurus Mountains in the Niğde Province in Central Anatolia , about 20 km north of the city of Niğde and 14 km southeast of the Nenezi Dağ . It is located in the Central Anatolian Volcanic Province (CAVP).

geology

The volcano is a lava dome and consists mainly of rhyolite . It is characterized by numerous cinder cones on the rugged slopes. There are hot springs on the north and west flanks. The Göllü Dağ consists of a main cone (Büyük Göllü Dağ) and ten other rhyolite domes, some of which still show traces of earlier domes. The complex was formed during the lower and middle Pleistocene . Potassium-argon dating of volcanic rocks indicated an age of 1.95 ± 0.06 Myr and 1.71 ± 0.03 Myr. The domes visible today are mostly from later eruptions.

Obsidian mining and trading

There are several obsidian deposits on Göllü Dag, including in Kömürcü-Kaletepe , East Kayirli, Tavşancıyalağı Sırtı, Erikli Dere / Bostanlığın Tepe and Sirça. Several workplaces have been excavated, including Kaletepe Deresi 3 .

The obsidian from Göllü Dağ was used as early as the Middle Paleolithic ( Levallois ). Epipalaeolithic finds were made in the Öküzini cave and in Netiv Hagdud in the Jordan Valley . In the Neolithic , for example, the material was brought to Musular and Çatal Höyük . In the Bronze Age ( Middle Minoan II ) the material reached Crete , among others , where it was found in the Mu72 district in Malia , but it only made up 0.3% of the obsidian found there.

literature

  • Nur Balkan-Atlı, D. Binder, B. Gratuze: Göllü Dağ (Central Anatolia): Obsidian Sources, Workshops and Trade . In: Y. Ünsal (Ed.): Anatolian Metal 4 . German Mining Museum, Bochum 2008, pp. 203–210.
  • Only Balkan-Atlı, Laurence Astruc, G. Çakan, Berkay Dinçer, Nurcan Kayacan: Göllü Dağ 2007 Survey . In: Anatolia Antiqua , 16, 2008, pp. 293-312.
  • Nur Balkan-Atlı, Steve Kuhn, Laurence, Nurcan Kayacan, Berkay Dinçer, G. Çakan: Göllü Dağ 2008 Survey . In: Anatolia Antiqua , 17, 2009, pp. 293-312.
  • Nur Balkan-Atlı, Steve Kuhn, Laurence, Nurcan Kayacan, Berkay Dinçer, G. Çakan: Göllüdağ Survey 2009 . In: Anatolia Antiqua , 18, 2010, pp. 191-202.
  • Nur Balkan-Atlı, Steve Kuhn, Laurence, Nurcan Kayacan, Berkay Dinçer, Semra Balci with collaboration of K. Erturaç, M. Grenet: Göllü Dağ Survey 2010 . In: Anatolia Antiqua 19, 2011, pp. 259-278.
  • Steven L. Kuhn, Berkay Dinçer, Nur Balkan-Atlı, Mehmet Korhan Erturac: Paleolithic occupations of the Göllü Dağ, Central Anatolia, Turkey . In: Journal of Field Archeology , 2015.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Göllü Dağ at Volcano Discovery
  2. ↑ Steven L. Kuhn, Berkay Dinçer, Nur Balkan-Atlı, Mehmet Korhan Erturac: Paleolithic occupations of the Göllü Dağ, Central Anatolia, Turkey. In: Journal of Field Archeology 2015.
  3. ^ Marie-Claire Cauvin, Christine Chataigner 1998. Distribution de l'obsidienne dans les sites archéologiques. In: Marie-Claire Cauvin, A. Gourgaud, B. Gratuze, N. Arnaud, G. Poupeau, J.-L. Poidevin, Christine Chataigner (ed.), L'Obsidienne au Proche et Moyen Orient: du Volcan á l'Outil . BAR International Series 738. Oxford, British Archaeological Reports, 325-350
  4. ↑ Mouralis 2003, quoted from Kuhn et al. 2015
  5. ↑ Bigazzi et al. 1993, quoted from Kuhn et al. 2015, there without ref
  6. ↑ Nur Balkan-Atlı, Steve Kuhn, Laurence Astruc, Nurcan Kayacan, Berkay Dincer, Semra Balci 2011. Göllü Dağ Survey 2010. Anatolia Antiqua 19, 263
  7. ^ Tristan Carter, François-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, Gérard Poupeau, Metin Kartal, Thomas Calligaro, Philippe Moretto, Marginal Perspectives: Sourcing Epi-Palaeolithic to Chalcolithic Obsidian from the Öküzini Cave (SW Turkey). Paléorient 37/2, 2011, 131
  8. ↑ L. Slimak, Implantations humaines et exploitation des obsidiennes en Anatolie centrale durant le Pléistocène. Paléorient 30/2, 2004, pp. 7-20
  9. ^ Tristan Carter, François-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, Gérard Poupeau, Metin Kartal, Thomas Calligaro, Philippe Moretto, Marginal Perspectives: Sourcing Epi-Palaeolithic to Chalcolithic Obsidian from the Öküzini Cave (SW Turkey). Paléorient 37/2, 2011, pp. 123-149. JSTOR 43265272
  10. ^ Ofer Bar-Yosef, Ari Gopher, Adrian Nigel Goring-Morris, Netiv Hagdud: A “Sultanian” mound in the lower Jordan valley. Paléorient 6, 1980, p. 201
  11. ↑ Nurcan Kayacan, Chipped stone industry of the Neolithic site of Musular (Cappadocia), Preliminary Results. Anatolia Antiqua 11, 2003, 7, doi: 10.3406 / anata.2003.991
  12. ↑ Craig Cessford, Tristan Carter, Quantifying the Consumption of Obsidian at Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey. Journal of Field Archeology 30, 2005, p. 306
  13. ↑ İncifer Banu Doğan, Anna Michailidou, trading in prehistory and protohistory: Perspectives from the eastern Aegean and beyond. In: Charikleia Papageorgiadou-Banis, Angeliki Giannikouri (Ed.): Sailing in the Aegean, Readings on the Economy and Trade Routes. Meletēmata, Kentron Hellēnikēs kai Rōmaikēs Archaiotētos 53. Athens 2008, ISBN 978-960-7905-41-3 , p. 29