Gallery grave Lippborg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gallery grave Lippborg
Gallery grave Lippborg (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Red pog.svg
Coordinates 51 ° 42 '22.2 "  N , 8 ° 0' 25.3"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 42 '22.2 "  N , 8 ° 0' 25.3"  E
place Lippetal OT Lippborg , North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany
Emergence 3500 to 2800 BC Chr.

The gallery grave Lippborg was a megalithic grave complex of the Neolithic Wartberg culture near Lippborg , a district of Lippetal in the Soest district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ). It was destroyed in the 19th century.

location

The grave was located northwest of Lippborg in the peasantry Ebbecke, about 120 meters west of the farm Winter Galen. The gallery grave Beckum I , which was also destroyed, was 2.5 km northeast, and the preserved gallery grave Beckum II was 2.6 km northeast .

Research history

The grave was discovered before 1800. In the late 18th or early 19th century, the cover panels and some wall panels were removed and used for road construction in Hamm . The remaining remains of the complex were examined in 1860 by Moritz Friedrich Esselen and in 1863 by FA Borggreve . The grave was later completely demolished.

description

architecture

The system was oriented north-north-west-south-south-east. It was 90 feet (28.8 m) long and 3 m wide. The burial chamber was originally completely sunk into the ground. It had an interior width of 5 feet (about 1.5 m) and a ceiling height of 5 feet (about 1.5 m). In the 1860s only the northern half of the chamber was left. There were still twelve wall panels, the spaces between which were filled with dry stone masonry made from smaller slabs of limestone . It is not known where the original access to the chamber was.

The building material for the chamber probably came from the surrounding area. It should have been brought up from a maximum of 1 km away. The material requirement is estimated at around 276.75 t.

Burials

Skeletal remains of several individuals were recovered in the 1860s, including eight skulls. The bone finds are lost today.

Additions

Only some of the additions are still preserved today. In the LWL Museum of Archeology in Herne there are four blades, two blade scrapers and a flint ax and 15 perforated animal teeth. A ceramic shard, a third blade scraper, other flint artifacts , a possible stone millstone , an unspecified bone artifact and a badger's skull are lost today. Some of the granite objects mentioned by Borggreve are unlikely to be artifacts.

literature

  • FA Borggreve: The three graves at Westerschulte and Wintergalen in the Beckum area. In: Journal for the history and antiquity of Westphalia. Volume 33, 1875, pp. 96-100 ( PDF; 14.4 MB ).
  • Moritz Friedrich Esselen: The stone monument at Wintergalen. Supplements to the diary notes of Lieutenant Colonel Schmidt in the 20th volume of this magazine. In: Journal for the history and antiquity of Westphalia. , Volume 1867, pp. 372-374 ( PDF; 2 MB ).
  • Hugo Hoffmann: Status and tasks of prehistoric and early historical research in Westphalia. In: Westphalian research. Volume 1, 1938, p. 214.
  • Kerstin Schierhold : Studies on the Hessian-Westphalian megalithic. Research status and perspectives in a European context (= Münster contributions to prehistoric and early historical archeology. Volume 6). Leidorf, Rahden / Westf. 2012, ISBN 978-3-89646-284-8 , pp. 264-265.
  • Waldtraut Schrickel : Catalog of the Central German graves with Western European elements and the gallery graves of Western Germany. Bonn 1966, pp. 450-451.
  • August Stieren : The prehistoric monuments of the Büren district. In: Communications of the Antiquities Commission for Westphalia. Volume 7, 1922, pp. 25-26 ( PDF; 28 MB ).
  • August Stieren: The big stone boxes of Westphalia. In: Westphalia. Volume 13, 1927, p. 15.
  • August bulls: Westphalia. Neolithic. In: Max Ebert (Hrsg.): Reallexikon der Vorgeschichte. Volume 14. Uckermark - Cypriot loop needle. DeGruyter, Berlin 1929, p. 286.
  • Andreas Vüllers: The so-called prehistoric "Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages". In: Westfälische Zeitschrift - magazine for patriotic history and antiquity. Volume 60, 1902, p. 185 ( PDF; 20.1 MB ).

Web links