Three-horned bedstraw
Three-horned bedstraw | ||||||||||||
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Three-horned bedstraw ( Galium tricornutum ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Galium tricornutum | ||||||||||||
dandy |
The Dreihörnige bedstraw ( Galium tricornutum ) is a native of Central Europe plant species from the family of the redness plants (Rubiaceae).
description
The three-horned bedstraw is an annual herbaceous plant . It reaches heights of growth of 10 to 80 cm. The stems are lying or climbing, are square and have downward spiky bristles.
The leaves are single-veined or only indistinctly veined and there are six or eight in whorls . They have a spike tip, are bare on the upper side, on the leaf margin are backward-pointing spines .
The flowers are in three-flowered partial inflorescences . They do not protrude beyond the support sheet and are arranged in layers. The crown is greenish-white, has no distinct tube and is narrower than the ripe fruit . The fruit stalks are curved back.
The dry fruits disintegrate into two single-seeded partial fruits. These are egg-shaped, 3 to 5 millimeters long. The surface of the fruit is covered with short spiky warts.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 44.
Distribution and locations
The distribution area of the three-horned bedstraw extends from Europe to the western Himalayas and the Arabian Peninsula. In Central Europe the species is an archaeophyte . In Austria it is threatened with extinction. It died out in South Tyrol. It grows in fields and debris, mostly on moderately dry, nutrient-rich, rather chalky soils. It rises to the submontane altitudinal zone . It is a character species of the Caucalidion lappulae association in Central Europe.
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 769 .
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Galium tricornutum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 29, 2016.
Web links
- Galium tricornutum Dandy, three-horned bedstraw. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Three-horned bedstraw . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Galium tricornutum Dandy In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved January 29, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Bedstraw data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )