Calamine clove

Calamine clove
	Calamine Thrift ( Armeria maritima subsp. Halleri )
Systematics
Family :	Leadwort family (Plumbaginaceae)
Subfamily :	Staticoideae
Tribe :	Staticeae
Genre :	Carnation ( armeria )
Type :	Beach carnation ( Armeria maritima )
Subspecies :	Calamine clove
Scientific name
	Armeria maritima subsp. halleri
	( Wallr. ) Rothm.

The calamine carnation ( Armeria maritima subsp. Halleri ) is a subspecies of the plant species beach carnation ( Armeria maritima ) within the leadwort family (Plumbaginaceae). It thrives on heavy metal soils and is one of the galmei plants . Together with some of them it forms the Galmeiflora in a plant community . Their ancestors come from the salt marshes on the seashore and probably came to today's areas of distribution through copper imports. It prefers to grow on sandy, well drained soils.

description

The calamine carnation is a perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 5 to 15 centimeters. It forms cushions, has a deep tap root and a short "rhizome".

Its leaves , 5 to 10 cm long and 1 to 1.5 mm wide, look like those of small grasses and, like the completely bare stems , are coated with wax to prevent excessive evaporation. They have a firm, leathery consistency. At the bottom the leaves are 1-annoying, otherwise 3-annoying.

The spherical inflorescences have a diameter of 1 to 1.5 cm, the bloom cladding sheets , from white to pink to red, are 5 to 8 mm long. The main flowering time is May to July.

Systematics

It was first described in 1844 under the name Armeria halleri by Karl Friedrich Wallroth in Contributions to Botany , Volume 2, p. 194. The name Armeria maritima subsp. halleri was published by Werner Rothmaler in Feddes Repertorium , Volume 67, 1963, p. 9. Other synonyms for Armeria maritima subsp. halleri (Wallr.) Rothm. are: Armeria alpina subsp. halleri (Wallr.) Nyman , Armeria bottendorfensis A.G. Schulz , Armeria maritima subsp. bottendorfensis (AG Schulz) Rothm. , Statice bottendorfensis (A. Schulz) O.Schwarz , Armeria maritima subsp. hornburgensis (AG Schulz) Rothm. , Armeria maritima subsp. serpentini (Gauckl.) Rothm. , Armeria maritima var. Serpentini Gauckler .

The subspecies Armeria maritima subsp. In more recent times, halleri is being used by the local endorsements Armeria maritima subsp. bottendorfensis , Armeria maritima subsp. hornburgensis , Armeria maritima subsp. serpentini and the invalid Armeria maritima subsp. “Calaminaria” and Armeria maritima subsp. "Eifeliaca" due to their low morphological differentiation to Armeria maritima subsp. halleri sl summarized. Molecular genetic studies also show a multiple formation of the heavy metal species from Armeria maritima subsp. elongata and advocate their assignment as varieties or ecotypes to this subspecies.

Sources and further information

literature

Wilfried HO Ernst: Ecological-sociological studies in the heavy metal plant communities of Central Europe including the Alps. In: Treatises from the State Museum for Natural History in Münster in Westphalia. Volume 27, No. 1, 1965, pp. 1-54.
Wilfried HO Ernst: Heavy metal vegetation of the earth. In: Geobotanica Selecta. Volume 5, Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-437-30187-X .
Wilfried HO Ernst, F. Knolle, S. Kratz, E. Schnug: Aspects of the ecotoxicology of heavy metals in the Harz region - a guided excursion. In: Journal for Cultivated Plants. Volume 61, No. 7, 2009, pp. 225-246, abstract and PDF file .
Mathias Schwickerath: The Violetum calaminariae of the zinc soils in the area of Aachen. In: Contributions to the preservation of natural monuments. Volume 14, Berlin, 1931, pp. 463-503.
Calamine clove. In: FloraWeb.de.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Calamine carnation. In: FloraWeb.de.
↑ Werner Rothmaler (greeting), Rudolf Schubert, Walter Vent (ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Volume 4: Critical Volume. 8th edition, Volk und Wissen, Berlin 1990. ISBN 3-06-012526-0 , pp. 188-189.
^ Rolf Wisskirchen, Henning Haeupler: Standard list of fern and flowering plants in Germany with a chromosome atlas. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3360-1 .
^ Henryk Baumbach, Frank H. Hellwig: Genetic variation within and among metal-tolerant and non-tolerant populations of Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. sl (Plumbaginaceae) in Central and Northeast Germany. In: Plant Biology. Volume 5, No. 2, 2003, pp. 186-193, DOI: 10.1055 / s-2003-40729 .
^ Henryk Baumbach, Frank H. Hellwig: Genetic differentiation of metallicolous and non-metallicolous Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. taxa (Plumbaginaceae) in Central Europe. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 269, No. 3-4, 2007, pp. 245-258, DOI: 10.1007 / s00606-007-0593-3 .
↑ Eckehart J. Jäger (Ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Vascular plants: baseline . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 , p. 568 .

Web links

Commons : Calamine carnation ( Armeria maritima subsp. Halleri ) - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Galmei flora on the Schlangenberg near Stolberg-Breinig and Paderborn.
Galmei flora in Stolberg (Rhld.).
Galmei flora in the Aachen area near Stolberg and Kelmis.
Galmei flora in East Belgium. ( Memento from September 4, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
Protected Galmeifluren in NRW.

[FloraWeb-1] Calamine carnation. In: FloraWeb.de.

[Rothmaler4-8-2] Werner Rothmaler (greeting), Rudolf Schubert, Walter Vent (ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Volume 4: Critical Volume. 8th edition, Volk und Wissen, Berlin 1990. ISBN 3-06-012526-0 , pp. 188-189.

[Standardliste-3] Rolf Wisskirchen, Henning Haeupler: Standard list of fern and flowering plants in Germany with a chromosome atlas. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3360-1 .

[Baumbach-Hellwig2003-4] Henryk Baumbach, Frank H. Hellwig: Genetic variation within and among metal-tolerant and non-tolerant populations of Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. sl (Plumbaginaceae) in Central and Northeast Germany. In: Plant Biology. Volume 5, No. 2, 2003, pp. 186-193, DOI: 10.1055 / s-2003-40729 .

[Baumbach-Hellwig_2007-5] Henryk Baumbach, Frank H. Hellwig: Genetic differentiation of metallicolous and non-metallicolous Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. taxa (Plumbaginaceae) in Central Europe. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Volume 269, No. 3-4, 2007, pp. 245-258, DOI: 10.1007 / s00606-007-0593-3 .

[roth2-6] Eckehart J. Jäger (Ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Vascular plants: baseline . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 , p. 568 .