Gambach (Karlstadt)
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Gambach
City of Karlstadt
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| Height : | 212 m |
| Residents : | 1210 (Jan. 1, 2020) |
| Incorporation : | April 1, 1971 |
| Postal code : | 97753 |
| Area code : | 09353 |
Gambach (Franconian: Gami ) is a district of Karlstadt and, with its viticulture, part of the Main Franconian wine-growing region .
Prehistory and early history
Thanks to the voluntary commitment of the Archaeological Working Group of the Historical Society of Karlstadt and a comprehensive settlement archaeological dissertation in the region, numerous current findings are available on the prehistory and early history of Gambach.
A number of stone artifacts picked up from the Paleolithic Age (Paleolithic) on the entire Gambacher district, especially in high elevations NW of the place, cannot be clearly assigned in the older and middle section of the Paleolithic (Old Paleolithic and Middle Paleolithic). Other reading finds certainly belong to the Middle Paleolithic Age (Middle Paleolithic) and prove the presence of the Neanderthal man (from 130,000 to 35,000 years ago) and his hunting stations. Evidence for the early inspection of the corridor by modern humans can also be found in the later and late Paleolithic Age (Upper Paleolithic and End Paleolithic), whereby the hunting stations are increasingly concentrated near the river. During the Mesolithic Age (Mesolithic, 9600 to 5.500 BC), the stations also moved back to higher altitudes. The early Neolithic Age (Old Neolithic) is documented by finds of partially decorated vessel shards and stone tools from the arable and cattle-rearing linear ceramic culture (5,500 to 4,900 BC) on loess surfaces at the foot of the Eichelberg. Later Neolithic cultures, such as those of the Michelsberg culture (Neolithic, 4400 to 3500 BC), have left their rare traces on the Gambach area on the Eichelberg and on the Triebweg. There are also the very rarely verifiable settlement remains of the bell beaker culture (2,600 to 2,200 BC) from the end of the Neolithic (end Neolithic) as well as the early (2,200 to 1,600 BC) and possibly middle (1,600 to 1,300 BC). Bronze Age in the sandy soils west of the town. Ceramic finds from the late Bronze Age urn field culture (1,300 to 800 BC) are available from the Triebweg, the character of which is indeterminate. On the other hand, an investigation by the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments found an urn grave field on the Bäumleinsweg due to sparse urnfield-time readings. The subsequent early Iron Age Hallstatt culture (800 to 475 BC) is also documented by individual finds from Eichelberg and Grainberg as well as from settlement finds on the Main. From the Laténe period (475 to 30 BC), more precisely the middle and late section (from 320 BC), individual finds come from the lower terrace of the Main. Archaeological evidence of the Gambach district is completely missing for the following epoch of the Roman Empire and the Migration Period, which is not surprising, as these have so far been concentrated almost exclusively on valley locations in the Main and Wern valleys. The settlement gap only closes again in the early Middle Ages. Against the background of the Franconian land development, Gambach can be identified as a foundation from the 7th to 9th centuries, which must be seen in connection with the early medieval central town Karlburg am Main (villa Karloburgo). In its early days, the village belonged to the County of Rieneck, which is still evident in today's coat of arms (9 stripes divided into gold and red). The early medieval ramparts on the Grainberg were certainly not the (sole) refuge for the Gambacher Hintersassen, but served to secure Karlburg and the ford below. Few readings from the complex were known, including pieces from the 7th / 8th centuries. Century. There are still no findings on interior development or phase structure. It is also unclear when the castle was abandoned. Possibly the abandonment depends on the massive expansion of the ramparts behind the Karl (s) burg (castellum Karloburgo) in the 9th / 10th. Century together. This settlement complex also includes the century founded in the 6th or 7th century and Gainfurt, which fell into desolation in the 15th, at the foot of the Grainberg. The settlement area on the Main is now largely overbuilt and the findings that were observed decades ago during the construction of the brickworks and the sewage treatment plant are unfortunately insufficiently documented. In addition to a few medieval ceramic finds, there is a stone cross with a Gothic inscription, which is said to come from Gainfurt and is walled up in the Gambach cemetery.
history
The place was first mentioned in a document in 1237. In 1301 the Gambacher Gut became the property of the Schönau nunnery. The baroque church of St. Bartholomew was built in 1747. At the end of the 18th century, Gambach was hit by the plague several times.
On April 1, 1971, the previously independent municipality was incorporated into the district town of Karlstadt.
location
Gambach lies at an altitude of 218 m above sea level. NN east of the Main Valley, 5 km north of Karlstadt towards Wernfeld . On January 1, 2011 there were 1280 inhabitants in Gambach. Tendency decreasing.
traffic
The Gambach (Main) stop was on the Main-Spessart Railway .
Interest group Gambach (IG Gambach)
The Gambach Interest Group is an association that emerged on June 1, 2013 from a broad-based initiative by Gambach citizens without any party-political orientation. He tries to provide direct and safe access to the Maintal cycle path, which leads directly past Gambach, but is separated from Gambach by the B26 and the adjoining Frankfurt - Würzburg railway line.
The call for the construction of an underpass is not new: Since the shutdown of the Gambach train station at the beginning of the 1990s, there have been several initiatives that have pursued the goal of providing Gambach citizens with direct and safe access to the Maintal cycle path. So far, despite widespread approval, all initiatives have failed due to the construction costs forecast by the State Building Authority in Würzburg of an estimated one million euros.
In addition to direct and safe access to the Maintal cycle path, IG Gambach continues to support the following goals:
- Construction of a left-turn lane at the confluence of the B26 to Gambach
- Construction of an access path for cultivating the vineyards on Kalbenstein between Gambach and Karlstadt.
Viticulture
In Gambach, the border runs from shell limestone to red sandstone and thus also a wine-growing border: from Gambach to the area around Miltenberg there are no longer any larger wine-growing locations. The extensive vineyards of the Gambach winemakers on the Roten Berg and Kalbenstein are largely located in the Karlstadt district. The main cultivation varieties are the typical Franconian grape varieties Silvaner and Müller-Thurgau . Today, most of the cultivation is sideline. Due to the steepness of the Red Mountain and the Kalbenstein, no machining is possible. Since 2007, the Gambach winemakers have been raising awareness of this unique vineyard location in the middle of the Grainberg-Kalbenstein and Saupurzel nature reserve . With the new winegrower's hut, an event location with a wonderful view has been created. From here, botanical tours with wine tastings take place.
Other economy
In addition to viticulture, Gambach is also the location of various service companies. The online lost property office proFINDus is based here and the von Strohburg advertising agency has a sales office.
literature
- R. Obst: On prehistoric and early historical finds from Gambacher Fluren. In: Gambacher Jahrbuch. 1992, 9 ff.
- R. Obst: Paleolithic and Mesolithic find landscapes on the northwestern Main Triangle. In: B. Berthold et al. (Ed.): Times views. Honorary gift for Walter Janssen. Rhaden / Westf. 1998, p. 7 ff.
- Ralf Obst: The history of settlement in the northwestern Main Triangle from the Neolithic to the end of the Middle Ages . In: Würzburg work on prehistoric archeology . tape 4 . VML, Verlag Marie Leidorf, Rahden, Westf. 2012, ISBN 978-3-89646-074-5 .
societies
The wine town has a lively club life.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Numbers, data, facts. City of Karlstadt, archived from the original on March 30, 2020 ; accessed on March 30, 2020 .
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 491 .
- ^ Karlstadt website with population figures as of January 1, 2011.
Gambach | Heßlar | Karlburg | Karlstadt | Laudenbach | Mühlbach | Rohrbach | Stadelhofen | Stetten | Wiesenfeld with Erlenbach and Rettersbach