Gammapapillomavirus
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The genus Gammapapillomavirus includes viruses from the family Papillomaviridae , which cause papillomas of the skin in humans . Similar to the genus Betapapillomavirus , species of the genus Gammapapillomavirus have no reading frame for the viral E5 protein ( early protein 5 ). In addition, the gamma-papilloma viruses have a reading frame for an E4 exon which, with another reading frame, lies within the reading frame for the E2 protein and which itself does not have a start codon . This arrangement is also found in the lambda , mu and xipapilloma viruses . Alternative splicing of this gene results in an E1 / E4 protein that occurs late during virus replication; it accumulates in the cytoplasm in a phosphorylated form . Its function is not fully understood, but it appears to interact with the cytoskeleton and cause the breakdown of the cytokeratin matrix . An interaction with a cellular RNA helicase from the DEAD box protein family is also described.
The morphology of cells infected with gamma-papilloma viruses is typical . These show characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies specific to the genus . Possibly this is due to the accumulation of E1 / E4 protein and its interaction with the cytoskeleton.
Systematics
The systematics of the genus Gammapapillomavirus ( ICTV status November 2018) has since been restructured into species names Gammapapillomavirus 1 to 27 :
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- Family Papillomaviridae
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- Genus Gammapapillomavirus
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- Species Gammapapillomavirus 1 (formerly Species Human Papillomavirus 4 )
- Subtypes: HPV-4, HPV-65, HPV-95, HPV-158, HPV-173, HPV-205
- Species Gammapapillomavirus 2 (formerly Species Human Papillomavirus 48 )
- Subtypes: HPV-48, HPV-200
- Species Gammapapillomavirus 3 (formerly Species Human Papillomavirus 50 )
- Subtypes: HPV-50
- Species Gammapapillomavirus 4 (formerly Species Human Papillomavirus 60 )
- Subtypes: HPV-60
- Species Gammapapillomavirus 5 (formerly Species Human Papillomavirus 88 )
- Subtypes: HPV-88
- Species gammapapillomavirus 6
- Subtypes: HPV-101, HPV-103, HPV-108
- Species gammapapillomavirus 7
- Subtypes: HPV-109, HPV-123, HPV-134, HPV-138, HPV-139, HPV-149, HPV-155, HPV-170
- Species gammapapillomavirus 8
- Subtypes: HPV-112, HPV-119, HPV-147, HPV-164, HPV-168
- Species gammapapillomavirus 9
- Subtypes: HPV-116, HPV-129
- Species gammapapillomavirus 10
- Subtypes: HPV-130, HPV-133, HPV-180, HPV-121, HPV-142
- Species gammapapillomavirus 11
- Subtypes: HPV-126, HPV-HPV-136, HPV-140, HPV-141, HPV-154, HPV-169, HPV-171, HPV-201
- Species gammapapillomavirus 12
- Subtypes: HPV-127, HPV-132, HPV-148, HPV-157, HPV-165, HPV-199
- Species gammapapillomavirus 13
- Subtypes: HPV-128, HPV-153
- Species gammapapillomavirus 14
- Subtypes: HPV-131
- Species gammapapillomavirus 15
- Subtypes: HPV-135, HPV-146, HPV-179
- Species gammapapillomavirus 16
- Subtypes: HPV-137
- Species gammapapillomavirus 17
- Subtypes: HPV-144
- Species gammapapillomavirus 18
- Subtypes: HPV-175
- Species gammapapillomavirus 19
- Subtypes: HPV-161, HPV-162, HPV-166
- Species gammapapillomavirus 20
- Subtypes: HPV-163
- Species gammapapillomavirus 21
- Subtypes: HPV-167
- Species gammapapillomavirus 22
- Subtypes: HPV-172
- Species gammapapillomavirus 23
- Subtypes: HPV-156
- Species gammapapillomavirus 24
- Subtypes: HPV-178, HPV-197
- Species gammapapillomavirus 25
- Subtypes: HPV-184
- Species gammapapillomavirus 27
- Subtypes: HPV-201
The English names are always on papillomavirus (with an inserted 'a'), the German names are without this 'a'.
swell
- Ethel-Michele de Villiers, et al. : Genus Gammapapillomavirus . In: CM Fauquet, MA Mayo et al. : Eighth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses . London, San Diego, 2005 p. 246 ISBN 0-12-249951-4
- S. Mordrow, D. Falke, U. Truyen: Molecular Virology , Heidelberg Berlin, 2nd edition 2003 pp. 494ff ISBN 3-8274-1086-X
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Alphapapillomavirus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV : Master Species List 2018a v1 , MSL including all taxa updates since the 2017 release. Fall 2018 (MSL # 33)
- ↑ ICTV : dsDNA Viruses> Papillomaviridae , ICTV Online