Virus taxonomy

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

As virus taxonomy refers to the internationally binding naming of viruses , virus families and genera. The decision about different taxa is advised and made by an international committee, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).

The virus taxonomy is an attempt, based on the taxonomies of plants and animals, to systematically and uniformly classify the diversity of viral and subviral entities (including prions and retrotransposons ). It must not be confused with the broader virus classification , in which various properties of viruses can be used for classification (for example only genome structure, Baltimore classification , host species , mode of transmission, etc.).

In the official publication of the ICTV (as of March 2019, Master Species List 2018b.v2), a number of otherwise common names cannot be found, as no uniform opinion has yet been found about their taxonomic classification. For the recognized criteria of the taxonomic classification see ICTV . The following list is an extract from it (without claiming to be exhaustive).

DNA viruses

Viruses with a DNA genome do not form a taxonomic unit.

Double stranded DNA viruses (dsDNA: double stranded DNA)

Viruses with a double-stranded DNA genome are classified according to Baltimore in the non- taxonomic group 1:

  • Genus Agtrevirus ( Ag3virus )
  • Genus limestone virus
  • Genus cutter virus ( Cba120 virus )
  • Genus Agatevirus
  • Genus Bastille virus
  • Genus Bequatrovirus ( B4virus )
  • Genus Caeruleovirus ( Bc431virus )
  • Genus Nitunavirus ( Nit1virus , formerly Myoviridae )
  • Genus Tsarbombavirus (formerly to Myoviridae : Spounavirinae )
  • Genus Wphvirus
  • Genus Kochikohdavirus
  • Genus Pecentum virus ( P100 virus )
  • Genus Okubovirus ( Spo1virus , Spo1likevirus , SPO1-like viruses )
  • Genus Siminovitchvirus ( Cp51virus , formerly Myoviridae )
  • Genus kayvirus
  • Genus Sepunavirus ( Sep1virus )
  • Genus Silviavirus
  • Genus Twortvirus
  • Genus Firehammer virus ( Cp220 virus )
  • Genus Fletchervirus ( Cp8virus )
  • Genus Felixounavirus ( Felixo1virus )
  • Genus Kolesnikvirus ( Ea214virus )
  • Genus mooglevirus
  • Genus Suspvirus
  • Genus Hpunavirus ( Hp1virus )
  • Genus Peduovirus ( P2virus , P2likevirus , P2-like viruses )
  • Genus Dhakavirus ( Js98virus )
  • Genus gaprivirus ( Sp18virus )
  • Genus Gelderland virus ( S16 virus )
  • Genus Jiaodavirus ( Jd18virus )
  • Genus Karamvirus ( Cc31virus )
  • Genus Krischvirus ( Rb49virus )
  • Genus moon virus
  • Genus Mosigvirus ( Rb69virus )
  • Genus Schizotequatrovirus ( Schizot4virus )
  • Genus slopek virus ( Kp15 virus )
  • Genus Tequatrovirus ( T4virus , T4-like viruses , en.T4likevirus with species Escherichia virus T4 )
  • Genus Avunavirus
  • Genus Certrevirus ( Cr3virus )
  • Genus Seunavirus ( Se1virus )
  • Genus Vequintavirus ( V5virus )
  • Subfamily not determined:
  • Genus Abouovirus
  • Genus Agricanvirus ( Agrican357virus )
  • Genus Alcyoneus virus
  • Genus Asterius virus
  • Genus Bcepmuvirus
  • Genus biquartavirus
  • Genus Bixzunavirus ( Bxz1virus , I3likevirus , I3-like viruses )
  • Genus Brunovirus
  • Genus Busan virus
  • Genus Chakrabartyvirus
  • Genus Chiangmaivirus ( Rsl2virus )
  • Genus Elvirus
  • Genus Emdodecavirus ( M12virus )
  • Genus Eneladus virus
  • Genus Erskinevirus ( Eah2virus )
  • Genus Ficleduovirus
  • Genus Fluff Dravirus
  • Genus Gofduovirus
  • Genus hapunavirus
  • Genus Iapetus virus
  • Genus iodovirus
  • Genus Jedunavirus
  • Genus Jilinvirus ( Cvm10virus )
  • Genus Jimmer virus
  • Genus Kleczkowskavirus ( Rheph4virus )
  • Genus Lubbock virus ( Cd119 virus )
  • Genus machinavirus
  • Genus Marthavirus
  • Genus metrivirus
  • Genus Louseafarmvirus ( Rslunavirus )
  • Genus mimas virus
  • Genus muvirus ( mu-like viruses )
  • Genus Myohalovirus ( PhiH-like viruses )
  • Genus Nankokuvirus ( Kpp10virus )
  • Genus Nazgul virus
  • Genus Noxifervirus
  • Genus Obolenskvirus ( Ap22virus )
  • Genus Otagovirus
  • Genus Pakpunavirus
  • Genus Pbunavirus
  • Genus peat virus
  • Genus Phikzvirus ( Phikzlikevirus , PhiKZ-like viruses )
  • Genus plaisance virus
  • Genus Polybotosvirus
  • Genus Popoff virus
  • Genus Punavirus ( P1virus , P1-like viruses )
  • Genus Radnorvirus ( Arv1virus )
  • Genus Ripduovirus
  • Genus Risingsunvirus
  • Genus Seoulvirus ( Spn3virus )
  • Genus Shalavirus
  • Genus Svunavirus
  • Genus Tegunavirus ( Tg1virus )
  • Genus thorn virus
  • Genus Tidunavirus
  • Genus Tijeunavirus
  • Genus Tulanevirus ( Secunda5virus )
  • Genus Vhmlvirus
  • Genus Vidavervirus ( Bcep78virus )
  • Genus Viunavirus ( Vi1virus )
  • Genus Winkler virus
  • Genus Yokohamavirus ( Msw3virus )
  • Genus Drulis virus ( Kp34 virus )
  • Genus Friunavirus ( Fri1virus )
  • Genus napahaivirus
  • Genus Phikmvvirus ( Phikmvlikevirus , PhiKMV-like viruses , PhiKMV-like viruses )
  • Genus Phimunavirus
  • Genus Pollyceevirus
  • Genus Pradovirus
  • Genus Przondovirus ( Kp32virus )
  • Genus Teseptimavirus ( T7virus , T7likevirus , T7-like viruses ; with species Escherichia virus T7 )
  • Genus Zindervirus ( Sp6virus , Sp6likevirus , SP6-like viruses )
  • Genus Cepunavirus ( Cp1virus )
  • Genus Negarvirus
  • Genus Rosenblumvirus ( P68virus , Ahjdlikevirus , AHJD-like viruses , AHJD-like viruses )
  • Genus Salasvirus ( Phi29virus , Phi29likevirus , Phi29-like viruses , Phi29-like viruses )
  • Genus Diegovirus ( Pocjvirus )
  • Genus Oslovirus ( Tl2011virus )
  • Genus Traversvirus ( Nona33virus )
  • Subfamily not determined:
  • Genus Aqualcavirus
  • Genus Baltimore virus ( Dfl12 virus )
  • Genus Bifseptvirus
  • Genus Bjornvirus
  • Genus Bruynoghevirus ( Luz24virus , LUZ24-like viruses )
  • Genus Enhodamvirus ( Vp5virus )
  • Genus enquatrovirus ( N4virus , N4-like viruses )
  • Genus Fipvunavirus
  • Genus Gamaleyavirus ( G7cvirus )
  • Genus Hollowayvirus ( F116virus )
  • Genus Ithacavirus ( Sp58virus )
  • Genus Jasminevirus
  • Genus Johnsonvirus ( Ea92virus )
  • Genus Jwalphavirus
  • Genus Kafunavirus ( Kf1virus )
  • Genus Kochitakasuvirus ( Kpp25virus )
  • Genus Krylov virus
  • Genus Kuravirus ( Phieco32virus , Phieco32-like viruses )
  • Genus Lederberg virus ( P22virus , P22-like viruses )
  • Genus Lessievirus ( Bcep22virus )
  • Genus Lightbulbvirus ( Cba41virus )
  • Genus Litunavirus ( Lit1virus )
  • Genus Luzseptimavirus ( Luz7virus )
  • Genus Myxoctovirus
  • Genus page virus
  • Genus Perisivirus ( Prtbvirus )
  • Genus smoke virus ( Bpp1virus , BPP-1-like viruses )
  • Genus Schmidvirus ( Una961virus )
  • Genus Tabernarius virus
  • Genus Uetakevirus ( Epsilon15virus , Epsilon15-like viruses )
  • Genus Vicosavirus
  • Genus arequatrovirus ( R4virus )
  • Genus Camvirus
  • Genus Likavirus
  • Genus Acadian virus
  • Genus Coopervirus
  • Genus Pegunavirus ( Pg1virus )
  • Genus Pipefish virus
  • Genus rosebush virus
  • Genus Brujitavirus
  • Genus Hawkeyevirus
  • Genus plot virus
  • Genus Cornell virus ( Sp31 virus )
  • Gender of Jersey Virus
  • Genus Kagunavirus ( K1gvirus )
  • Genus Limdunavirus ( Lmd1virus )
  • Genus Unaquatrovirus ( Una4virus )
  • Genus bongovirus
  • Genus Reyvirus
  • Genus butter virus
  • Genus Charlie virus
  • Genus redivirus
  • Genus Baxter virus
  • Genus Nymphadoravirus
  • Genus bignuz virus
  • Genus fishburn virus
  • Genus Phayoncevirus
  • Genus Eclunavirus
  • Genus Hanrivirus
  • Genus Rogunavirus ( Rogue1virus )
  • Genus Rtpvirus
  • Genus sertoctavirus
  • Genus Tlsvirus
  • Genus Tunavirus ( T1 virus , T1-like viruses )
  • Genus weaver virus ( Kp36 virus )
  • Subfamily not determined:
  • Genus Abidjan virus ( Ab18 virus )
  • Genus Ahduovirus
  • Genus amigovirus
  • Genus Anatolevirus
  • Genus Andromeda Virus
  • Genus Attisvirus
  • Genus bantam virus
  • Genus barnyard virus
  • Genus Beetrevirus
  • Genus bendigovirus
  • Genus Bernalvirus ( Bernal13virus )
  • Genus better cat virus
  • Genus Bingvirus
  • Genus biseptimavirus ( 77likevirus )
  • Genus Bowservirus
  • Genus Britbratvirus
  • Genus bronvirus
  • Genus Brussowvirus ( Sfi11virus )
  • Genus Casadaban virus , ( D3112 virus )
  • Genus Cbastvirus
  • Genus Cecivirus
  • Genus Ceduovirus ( C2virus , C2likevirus , c2-like viruses )
  • Genus Ceetrepovirus
  • Genus Cequinquevirus ( C5virus , C5likevirus , c5-like viruses )
  • Genus cetovirus
  • Genus Chenonavirus ( Che9cvirus )
  • Genus Cheoctovirus ( Che8virus )
  • Genus chivirus
  • Genus Chungbuk virus
  • Genus Chunghsing virus
  • Genus Cimpunavirus
  • Genus Cinunavirus
  • Genus Coetzeevirus ( Phijl1virus )
  • Genus Corndogvirus
  • Genus Cronus virus
  • Genus Decurrovirus
  • Genus delepquintavirus
  • Genus Demosthenes virus
  • Genus Detrevirus ( D3virus )
  • Genus Dhillon virus ( Hk578 virus )
  • Genus Dismasvirus
  • Genus doucette virus
  • Genus efquatrovirus
  • Genus egg virus
  • Genus iron starvirus
  • Genus Elerivirus
  • Genus Emalynvirus
  • Genus Eyrevirus
  • Genus Farahnazvirus
  • Genus Fromanvirus ( L5virus , L5likevirus , L5-like viruses )
  • Genus Gaiavirus
  • Genus galaxy virus
  • Genus Galunavirus
  • Genus Gamtrevirus
  • Genus sprout virus
  • Genus getseptimavirus
  • Genus Ghobesvirus
  • Genus Giles virus
  • Genus Gordonvirus
  • Genus Gordtnkvirus
  • Genus Gorganvirus
  • Genus Gorjum virus
  • Genus Gustavvirus
  • Genus Harrison virus
  • Genus Hedwig virus
  • Genus Helsingorvirus ( Cba181virus )
  • Genus Hendrixvirus ( Hk97virus )
  • Genus holosalinivirus
  • Genus Homburg virus ( P70 virus )
  • Genus Ikeda virus
  • Genus Ilzatvirus
  • Genus Incheonvrus ( P12002virus )
  • Genus Inhavirus ( P12024virus )
  • Genus Jenstvirus
  • Genus Jesfedecavirus
  • Genus Kairosalinivirus
  • Genus Kelleziovirus
  • Genus clement virus
  • Genus Kojivirus
  • Genus Korravirus
  • Genus Kostyavirus ( Cjw1virus )
  • Genus cryptosaline virus
  • Genus Lacusarx virus
  • Genus Lambdavirus ( Lambda-like viruses , en. Labdalikevirus , with Species Escherichia virus Lambda )
  • Genus Laroyevirus
  • Genus Liefievirus
  • Genus Lilyvirus
  • Genus locivirus
  • Genus Lomovskayavirus ( Phic31virus , PhiC31-like viruses )
  • Genus Lwoff virus ( Tp21 virus )
  • Genus Magadivirus
  • Genus Mapvirus ( Ff47virus )
  • Genus Mardecavirus ( Ssp2virus )
  • Genus Marvin virus
  • Genus Minunavirus
  • Genus Moineauvirus ( Sfi21dt1virus , Sfi21dtunalikevirus )
  • Genus mudcat virus
  • Genus Myunavirus
  • Genus Nanhaivirus
  • Nickievirus genus
  • Genus Nipunavirus ( Np1virus )
  • Genus Nonagvirus
  • Genus Nonanavirus
  • Genus Novosibvirus
  • Genus Nyceiraevirus
  • Genus omegavirus
  • Genus orchid virus
  • Genus Oshimavirus ( P23virus )
  • Genus Pahexavirus ( Pa6virus )
  • Genus Pamexvirus ( Pamx74virus )
  • Genus papyrus virus ( Send513virus )
  • Genus Patience Virus
  • Genus Pbi1virus
  • Genus Pepyhexavirus ( Pepy6virus )
  • Genus Phicbkvirus
  • Genus Phietavirus
  • Genus Phifelvirus
  • Genus Pikmin virus
  • Genus Poushouvirus
  • Genus Priunavirus
  • Genus psavirus
  • Genus Psimunavirus ( PsiM1-like viruses )
  • Genus powder virus ( Pfr1virus )
  • Genus Ravinvirus ( N15virus , N15likevirus , N15-like viruses )
  • Genus Rerduovirus ( Rer2virus )
  • Genus Rigallicvirus
  • Genus Rimavirus
  • Genus Roufvirus ( Pis4avirus )
  • Genus Samistivirus
  • Genus Samunavirus
  • Genus Sanovirus
  • Genus Saphexavirus ( Sap6virus )
  • Genus Sasvirus
  • Genus Saundersvirus ( Tp84virus )
  • Genus Scapunavirus
  • Genus Septimatrevirus ( Septima3virus )
  • Genus Seuratvirus
  • Genus Sextaecvirus
  • Genus sitaravirus
  • Genus Skunavirus ( Sk1virus )
  • Genus slash virus
  • Genus smoothie virus
  • Genus soups virus
  • Genus sour virus
  • Genus Spbetavirus ( SPbeta-like viruses )
  • Genus Stanholt virus ( E125 virus )
  • Genus Steinhofvirus ( Jwxvirus )
  • Genus Sugarland virus
  • Genus tank virus
  • Genus Tequintavirus ( T5virus , T5likevirus , T5-like viruses )
  • Genus Timquatrovirus ( Tm4virus )
  • Genus Tinduovirus ( Tin2virus )
  • Genus Titan virus
  • Genus tortellinivirus
  • Genus Triavirus
  • Genus Trigintaduovirus
  • Genus Trinavirus
  • Genus Tripp virus
  • Genus Unahavirus
  • Genus Vegas virus
  • Genus vendettavirus
  • Genus Vhulanivirus
  • Genus Vidquintavirus
  • Genus Vieuvirus
  • Genus Vividuovirus
  • Genus Wbetavirus
  • Genus weasel virus
  • Genus wildcat virus
  • Genus Wilnyevirus
  • Genus wizard virus
  • Genus Woesvirus
  • Genus Woodruff virus ( Ydn12virus )
  • Genus Xiamenvirus ( Rdjlvirus )
  • Genus Xipdecavirus ( Xp10virus )
  • Genus Yuavirus
  • Genus Yvonnevirus
  • Order not determined:
  • Genus Cafeteriavirus (with the only species Cafeteria roenbergensis virus )
  • Genus Mimivirus (with the only species Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus )
  • Genus Alphaovalivirus (with Species Sulfolobus ellipsoid virus 1 )
  • Genus Alphaturrivirus (with Species Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus 1 and 2, STIV1 and STIV2)
  • Family not determined:

Single stranded DNA viruses (ssDNA: single stranded DNA)

Viruses with a single-stranded DNA genome are classified into non-taxonomic group 2 according to Baltimore, regardless of their polarity :

  • Family Geminiviridae (ssDNA (+/-): the individual genes have different polarity)

Special single and / or double stranded DNA viruses

The family Pleolipoviridae (with the order Ortervirales ) was one of the first taxa recognized by the ICTV (family group, determined according to the genome sequence), whose members fall into different Baltimore groups:

Reverse transcribing DNA and RNA viruses (ssRNA-RT and dsDNA-RT)

These include viruses with positive single-stranded RNA, which is written back into DNA by reverse transcriptase (RT) and incorporated into the cell genome (retroviruses ssRNA-RT, Baltimore group 6), as well as viruses with double-stranded DNA, which, in turn, produce an RNA for replication. Use intermediate step and therefore also reverse transcribe (pararetrovirus dsDNA-RT, Baltimore group 7). Most of these representatives belong independently of the order Ortervirales .

  • Order not determined:

RNA viruses

Viruses with an RNA genome can be placed in their entirety in a family group (taxon), the area Riboviria . this area includes the (non-taxonomic) Baltimore groups 3, 4 and 5. Of several proposals for relatives of RNA viruses across Baltimore groups, none have been recognized by the ICTV so far (as of March 2019).

Double stranded RNA viruses (dsRNA, double stranded RNA )

Viruses with a double-stranded RNA genome are classified according to Baltimore in the non-taxonomic group 3:

  • Family not determined
  • Gender not determined

Single-stranded RNA viruses with negative polarity (ss (-) RNA: negative single-stranded RNA )

Viruses with a single-stranded RNA genome of negative polarity are classified according to Baltimore in the non-taxonomic group 4:

  • Phylum (stem): Negarnaviricota , Subphylum (sub- stem) : Haploviricotina , class: Milneviricetes
  • Phylum (stem): Negarnaviricota , Subphylum (sub- stem) : Haploviricotina , class: Monjiviricetes
  • Genus Mivirus , with Species Crustacean Mivirus
  • Genus Carbovirus , with Species Southwest carbovirus (Southwest carpet python virus, SWCPV) and type species Queensland Carbovirus (Jungle carpet python virus, JCPV)
  • Genus cultervirus , with type species Sharpbelly cultervirus
  • Genus Orthobornavirus - en. Borna Disease Virus , the virus of Bornash's disease, with Species Mammalian 1 orthobornavirus (type) u. a.
  • Genus Arlivirus (including the earlier genera Wastrivirus and Chengivirus / Chengtivirus , with species Wuchang arlivirus ( Chengtivirus , Tick ​​virus 6 , TcTV-6), Tacheng arlivirus ( Tacheng chengtivirus 6 , TcTV-6) and type species Lishi arlivirus ( Lishi spider virus 2 , LsSV-2)
  • Genus Sclerotimonavirus with type species Sclerotinia sclerotimonavirus ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum negative-stranded RNA virus 1 , SsNSRV-1)
  • not assigned to any gender
  • Phylum (stem): Negarnaviricota , Subphylum (sub- stem) : Haploviricotina , class: Yunchangviricetes
  • Phylum (stem): Negarnaviricota , Subphylum (sub- stem) : Haploviricotina , class: Ellioviricetes
  • Genus Emaravirus , with Species European mountain ash ringspot-associated virus
  • Phylum (stem): not determined, subphylum (sub-stem): not determined, class: not determined
  • Order not determined
  • Family not determined
  • Genus Deltavirus , with the only species hepatitis D virus (HDV)

Single-stranded RNA viruses with positive polarity (ss (+) RNA: positive single stranded RNA )

Viruses with a single-stranded RNA genome of positive polarity are classified according to Baltimore in the non-taxonomic group 5:

Due to the reorganization of this family, the previous genera Dipartevirus , Nesartevirus , Porartevirus and Simartevirus no longer exist.
  • Genus Alphacoronavirus - Subgenera: Colacovirus , Decacovirus , Duvinacovirus , Luchacovirus , Minacovirus , Minunacovirus , Myotacovirus , Nyctacovirus , Pedacovirus , Rhinacovirus , Setracovirus , Tegacovirus
  • Genus Betacoronavirus - Subgenera: Embecovirus , Hibecovirus , Merbecovirus (with MERS-CoV ), Nobecovirus , Sarbecovirus (with SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 )
  • Genus Gammacoronavirus - Subgenera: Cegacovirus , Igacovirus
  • Genus Deltacoronavirus - Subgenera: Andecovirus , Buldecovirus , Herdecovirus , Moordecovirus
  • Genus Alphamesonivirus - Subgenera: Casualivirus , Enselivirus , Hanalivirus , Kadilivirus , Karsalivirus , Menolivirus , Namcalivirus , Ofalivirus
  • Genus Bafinivirus (formerly to Coronaviridae : Torovirinae ) - Subgenera: Blicbavirus , Pimfabavirus
  • Genus Oncotshavirus - Subgenus: Salnivirus
  • Subfamily not determined
  • Order not determined:
  • Genus Macronovirus , with the only species Macrobrachium satellite virus 1
  • Subfamily not determined:
  • Family not determined:
  • Unassigned group:
  • Gender not determined and not in ICTV Master Species List (Issue # 34)
Satellite viruses

Classification according to Krupovic et al. (2016).

Subviral pathogens

Viroids

The taxonomy for viroids according to ICTV (as of November 2018) follows the same rules as for viruses, only that the part of the name contains “viroid”. The abbreviations end with “Vd” instead of “V”, possibly followed by a number (not Roman, but Arabic). For details see:

Satellites

In November 2018, the ICTV published a taxonomy for satellites for the first time, also with the same structure, but with “satellite” as part of the name. For details see:

In addition to the family Sarthroviridae , it has been suggested to include the following viruses as satellites: Albetovirus , Aumaivirus , Papanivirus and Virtovirus .

Further information can be found at:

  • Satellite Nucleic Acids (satellite nucleic acids)

Prions

  • Vertebrate Prions (vertebrate prions )
  • Fungal Prions (mushroom prions)

Proposed or unofficial viral taxa

The virus taxonomy is subject to constant changes, which are caused on the one hand by newly discovered viruses (especially in marine and extreme habitats) and on the other hand by the fact that new family relationships are being developed due to increasingly extensive sequence data. As a rule, proposals for new virus taxa are submitted to the ICTV by international working groups, but these are used in publications or databases (including those of the NCBI ) before they are officially adopted . Usually these are serologically based serogroups within genera and families, but also newly created virus orders, families (e.g. Pithoviridae ) or subfamilies (e.g. Klosneuvirinae ).

literature

  • CM Fauquet, MA Mayo, et al. : Eighth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses . London, San Diego, 2012, ISBN 0-12-249951-4
  • AMQ King, MJ Adams, EB Carstens, EJ Lefkowitz (Eds.): Virus Taxonomy. Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Amsterdam 2005, ISBN 978-0-12-384684-6

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, Virus Taxonomy
  2. ↑ In particular, only a few examples of genres without any assignment are included.
  3. ↑ SIB: Double Strand DNA Viruses , on: ViralZone
  4. ↑ SIB: Portogloboviridae , on: ViralZone
  5. ↑ SIB: Alphaportoglobovirus , on: ViralZone
  6. ↑ SIB: Ampullaviridae , on: ViralZone
  7. ↑ SIB: Ampullavirus , on: ViralZone
  8. ↑ SIB: Bicaudaviridae , on: ViralZone
  9. ↑ SIB: Bicaudavirus , on: ViralZone
  10. ↑ SIB: Clavaviridae , on: ViralZone
  11. ↑ SIB: Clavavirus , on: ViralZone
  12. ↑ SIB: Fuselloviridae , on: ViralZone
  13. ↑ SIB: Alphafusellovirus , on: ViralZone
  14. ↑ SIB: Betafusellovirus , on: ViralZone
  15. ↑ SIB: Globuloviridae , on: ViralZone
  16. ↑ SIB: Globulovirus , on: ViralZone
  17. ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Sulfolobus ellipsoid virus 1 , EC 50, Washington, DC, July 2018; Email ratification February 2019 (MSL # 34)
  18. ↑ In the case of genera of this family with only one single species, this has the number 1 and is not specifically listed
  19. ^ Dupuy C, Huguet E, Drezen JM: Unfolding the evolutionary story of polydnaviruses . In: Virus Res . 117, No. 1, 2006, pp. 81-89. doi : 10.1016 / j.virusres.2006.01.001 . PMID 16460826 .
  20. ↑ SIB: Sphaerolipoviridae , on: ViralZone
  21. ↑ SIB: Alphasphaerolipovirus , on: ViralZone
  22. ↑ SIB: beta-phaerolipovirus , on: ViralZone
  23. ↑ SIB: Gammasphaerolipovirus , on: ViralZone
  24. ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Nitmarvirus NSV1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  25. ↑ SIB: Tristromaviridae , on: ViralZone
  26. ↑ SIB: Turriviridae , on: ViralZone
  27. ↑ SIB: Alphaturrivirus , on: ViralZone
  28. ↑ SIB: 190 (Salterprovirus) , on: ViralZone
  29. ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Salterprovirus His1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  30. ↑ NCBI: His 1 virus (species)
  31. ↑ H. Ogata, K. Toyoda, Y. Tomaru, N. Nakayama, Y. Shirai, JM Claverie, K. Nagasaki: Remarkable sequence similarity between the dinoflagellate-infecting marine girus and the terrestrial pathogen African swine fever virus . In: Virol J. 6, 2009, p. 178.
  32. ↑ SIB: Rhizidiovirus , on: ViralZone
  33. ↑ SIB: Single Strand DNA Viruses , on: ViralZone
  34. ↑ SF Cotmore, M. Agbandje-McKenna, JA Chiorini, DV Mukha, DJ Pintel, J. Qiu, M. Soderlund-Venermo, P. Tattersall, P. Tijssen, D. Gatherer, AJ Davison: The family Parvoviridae. In: Archives of virology. Volume 159, number 5, May 2014, pp. 1239-1247, doi : 10.1007 / s00705-013-1914-1 , PMID 24212889 , PMC 4013247 (free full text).
  35. ↑ ICTV: Sarthroviridae , Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019 (MSL # 35)
  36. ↑ NCBI: Sarthroviridae (family)
  37. ↑ SIB: Macronovirus , on: ExPASy: ViralZone
  38. ↑ NCBI: Smacoviridae (family)
  39. ↑ NCBI: Spiraviridae (family)
  40. ↑ Sencilo A, Paulin L, Kellner S, Helm M, Roine E: Related haloarchaeal pleomorphic viruses contain different genome types . In: Nucleic Acids Research . 40, No. 12, July 2012, pp. 5523-34. doi : 10.1093 / nar / gks215 . PMID 22396526 . PMC 3384331 (free full text).
  41. ↑ Pietilä MK, Roine E, Sencilo A, Bamford DH, Oksanen HM: Pleolipoviridae, a newly proposed family comprising archaeal pleomorphic viruses with single-stranded or double-stranded DNA genomes . In: Archives of Virology . 161, No. 1, January 2016, pp. 249-56. doi : 10.1007 / s00705-015-2613-x . PMID 26459284 .
  42. ↑ Pietilä MK, Atanasova NS, Manole V, Liljeroos L, Butcher SJ, Oksanen HM, Bamford DH: Virion architecture unifies globally distributed pleolipoviruses infecting halophilic archaea . In: Journal of Virology . 86, No. 9, May 2012, pp. 5067-79. doi : 10.1128 / JVI.06915-11 . PMID 22357279 . PMC 3347350 (free full text).
  43. ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Gammapleolipovirus His2 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  44. ^ SIB: Reverse Transcribing Viruses , on: ViralZone
  45. ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b v2 MSL # 34v, March 2019
  46. ↑ SIB: Double Strand RNA Viruses , on: ViralZone
  47. ↑ SIB: Double Stranded RNA Viruses , on: ViralZone
  48. ↑ Circulifer tenellus virus 1 , on: Virus-Host DB
  49. ↑ Henxia Xia et al. : A dsRNA virus with filamentous viral particled , in: Nature Communicationsvolume 8, No. 168 (2017), [[doi: 10.1038 / s41467-017-00237-9]]
  50. ↑ Spissistilus festinus virus 1 , on: Virus-Host DB
  51. ↑ SIB: Negative Strand RNA Viruses , on: ViralZone
  52. ↑ Gaya K. Amarasinghe et al. : Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales : update 2018 , Archives of Virology, Volume 163, No. 8, August 2018, pp. 2283-2294
  53. ↑ a b Claudio L. Afonso et al. : Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2016 , in: Archives of Virology, Volume 161, No. 8, August 1, 2016, pp. 2351-2360
  54. ↑ JO Bool et al. : Identification and partial characterization of Taastrup virus: a newly identified member species of the Mononegavirales , in: Virology. 2004 Feb 5; 319 (1): 49-59, PMID 14967487 , doi: 10.1016 / j.virol.2003.10.017
  55. ↑ ICTV Emaravirus
  56. ↑ SIB: Positive Strand RNA Viruses , on: ViralZone
  57. ↑ SIB: Double Stranded RNA Viruses , on: ViralZone
  58. ↑ Karoline dos Anjos, Tatsuya Nagata, Fernando Lucas de Melo: Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Bastrovirus Isolated from Raw Sewage. In: Genome announcements. Volume 5, number 40, October 2017, p., Doi : 10.1128 / genomeA.01010-17 , PMID 28982994 , PMC 5629051 (free full text).
  59. ↑ Fusariviridae (FAMILY) , on: UniProt Taxonom
  60. ↑ FUSARIVIRIDAE , on: PLANOSPHERE
  61. ↑ Fusariviridae , on: NCBI Genomes
  62. ↑ DF Quito-Avila, PM Brannen, WO Cline, PF Harmon, RR Martin: Genetic characterization of Blueberry necrotic ring blotch virus, a novel RNA virus with unique genetic features , in: J Gen Virol. 2013 Jun; 94 (Pt 6): 1426-34. doi: 10.1099 / vir.0.050393-0 , PMID 23486668
  63. ↑ Adams MJ, Antoniw JF, Kreuze J: Virgaviridae: a new family of rod-shaped plant viruses . In: Arch Virol . 154, No. 12, 2009, pp. 1967-72. doi : 10.1007 / s00705-009-0506-6 . PMID 19862474 .
  64. ↑ Xin-Cheng Qin et al. : A tick-borne segmented RNA virus contains genome segments derived from unsegmented viral ancestors , in: PNAS 111 (18), May 6, 2014, pp. 6744-6749, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1324194111
  65. ↑ SIB: Double Stranded RNA Viruses , on: ViralZone
  66. ^ Claire L. Webster, Ben Longdon, Samuel H. Lewis, Darren J. Obbard: Twenty-Five New Viruses Associated with the Drosophilidae (Diptera) , in: Evol Bioinform Online 12 (Suppl 2), 2016, pp. 13-25 , doi: 10.4137 / EBO.S39454 , PMID 27375356 , PMC 4915790 (free full text).
  67. ↑ a b c d e f Krupovic M, Kuhn JH, Fischer MG (2016) A classification system for virophages and satellite viruses. Arch Virol 161 (1), pp. 233-247, doi : 10.1007 / s00705-015-2622-9
  68. ↑ Carl J. Franz, Guoyan Zhao, Marie-Anne Félix, David Wang: Complete Genome Sequence of Le Blanc Virus, a Third Caenorhabditis Nematode-Infecting Virus , in: Journal of Virology, 2012, doi: 10.1128 / JVI.02025-12 , PMID 23043172 , PMC 3486331 (free full text).
  69. ↑ Hongbing Jiang, a Carl J. Franz, Guang Wu, Hilary Renshaw, Guoyan Zhao, Andrew E. Firth, David Wang: Orsay virus utilizes ribosomal frameshifting to express a novel protein that is incorporated into virions , in: Virology 450-451 ( 100), February 2014, pp. 213–221. doi: 10.1016 / j.virol.2013.12.016 , PMID 24503084 , PMC 3969245 (free full text).
  70. ↑ Carl J. Franz, Hilary Renshaw, Lise Frezal, Yanfang Jiang, Marie-Anne Félix, David Wang: Orsay, Santeuil and Le Blanc viruses primarily infect intestinal cells in Caenorhabditis nematodes , in: Virology, Volume 448, January 5, 2014, Pp. 255-264, doi: 10.1016 / j.virol.2013.09.024
  71. ^ Orsay virus . Virus host DB
  72. ↑ JF van den Heuvel, HR Hummelen, Martin Verbeek, Annette Dullemans: Characteristics of Acyrthosiphon pisum Virus, a Newly Identified Virus Infecting the Pea Aphid , in: J Invertebr Pathol. November / December 1997; 70 (3): 169-76., Doi: 10.1006 / jipa.1997.4691 , PMID 9367722 .
  73. ↑ AJ Gibbs, M. Torronen, AM Mackenzie, JT Wood 2nd, JS Armstrong, H. Kondo, T. Tamada, PL Keese: The enigmatic genome of Chara australis virus , in: J Gen Virol. 92 (Pt 11), November 2011, pp. 2679-2690, doi: 10.1099 / vir.0.033852-0 , PMID 21733884 .
  74. ↑ D. Qian et al. : Extra small virus-like particles (XSV) and nodavirus associated with whitish muscle disease in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii , in: J Fish Dis. 26 (9), September 2003, pp. 521-527, PMID 14575370 , doi: 10.1046 / j.1365-2761.2003.00486.x
  75. ↑ JS Widada, JR Bonami: Characteristics of the monocistronic genome of extra small virus, a virus-like particle associated with Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus: possible candidate for a new species of satellite virus , in: J Gen Virol. 85 (Pt 3), March 2004, pp. 643-646, PMID 14993649 , doi: 10.1099 / vir.0.79777-0
  76. ↑ Nesidiocoris tenuis virus , on viral host DB
  77. ↑ Marion Heller-Dohmen et al. : The nucleotide sequence and genome organization of Plasmopara halstedii virus, in: Virol J. 2011; 8: 123, doi: 10.1186 / 1743-422X-8-123 , PMC 3069955 (free full text), PMID 21410989
  78. ↑ Rosellinia necatrix fusarivirus 1 , on: Virus Host DB
  79. ^ Kelp fly virus , on: Virus-Host DB
  80. ↑ Eric Dubois et al. : Effect of pollen traps on the relapse of chronic bee paralysis virus in honeybee ( Apis mellifera ) colonies , in: Apidologie April 2018, Volume 49, Issue 2, pp. 235–242, doi: 10.1007 / s13592-017-0547-x