Anelloviridae

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Anelloviridae
Systematics
Classification : Viruses
Area : unclassified
Empire : unclassified
Phylum : unclassified
Class : unclassified
Order : unclassified
Family : Anelloviridae
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : (-) ss DNA circular
Baltimore : Group 2
Symmetry : icosahedral
Cover : no
Scientific name
Anelloviridae
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 687329
ViralZone ( ExPASy , SIB): 772

The Anelloviridae are a family of DNA viruses . Your genome consists of a ring-shaped (circular) single-stranded DNA of negative polarity . They have a non-enveloped capsid of rounded icosahedral geometry with T = 3 symmetry . Your hosts are vertebrates . About 200 different species are known. The type species is Torque Teno Virus 1 (TTV-1) from the genus Alphatorquevirus, discovered in 1997 .

The name is derived from the Italian anello 'ring' , which refers to the circular genome of the Anelloviridae .

Genome

The genome is not segmented (monopartite), it contains a single molecule of circular single-stranded DNA with negative polarity . The entire genome is 3000-4000  nt long. The genome has open reading frames ( English open reading frames , ORFs) and a high degree of genetic diversity.

Replication

The replication mechanism of the Anelloviridae appears to be the rolling circle replication . A host polymerase is required for replication . The genome of the virus itself does not code for a viral polymerase, which is why the anelloviruses have to replicate in the cell nucleus .

pathology

Anelloviruses are widespread and genetically diverse. At least 200 different species occur in humans and animals. They cause chronic human viral infections that have not previously been linked to any disease. Three genera of the Anelloviridae are associated with human infections :

Systematics

According to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) as of March 2019, the internal systematics of the Anelloviridae are as follows:

Family Anelloviridae

  • Species Torque teno mini virus 1 ( Torque Teno Mini Virus , TTMV-1, type species)
  • Species Torque teno midi virus 1 ( Torque-Teno-Midi-Virus 1 , TTMDV-1, type species)
  • Species Torque teno tupaia virus (type species)
  • Species Torque teno tamarin virus (type species)
  • Species Torque teno douroucouli virus (type species)
  • Species Torque teno felis virus (type species)
  • Species Torque teno canis virus (type species)
  • Species Torque teno sus virus 1a (type species)
  • Species Torque teno sus virus k2a (type species)
  • Species Torque teno zalophus virus 1 (type species)
  • Species Torque teno equus virus 1 (type species)
  • Species Torque teno seal virus 4 (type species)
  • Species Chicken anemia virus (type species)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b F. Bernardin, E. Operskalski, M. Busch, E. Delwart: Transfusion transmission of highly prevalent commensal human viruses . In: transfusion . tape 50 , no. 11 , May 2010, p. 2474-2483 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1537-2995.2010.02699.x , PMID 20497515 .
  2. ↑ a b c ViralZone: Anelloviridae . ExPASy. Accessed August 31, 2019.
  3. ↑ Vasilyev EV, Trofimov DY, Tonevitsky AG, Ilinsky VV, Korostin DO, Rebrikov DV: Torque Teno Virus (TTV) distribution in healthy Russian population . In: Virology Journal . 6, 2009, p. 134. doi : 10.1186 / 1743-422X-6-134 . PMID 19735552 . PMC 2745379 (free full text).
  4. ↑ ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.107.0.01. Anellovirus . In: Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed.): ICTVdB — The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Columbia University, New York, USA
  5. ↑ ICTV : ICTV MSL # 34v 2018b.v2 , March 2019