Rhadinovirus

Rhadinovirus
Systematics
Classification : Viruses Area : Duplodnaviria Empire : Heunggongvirae Phylum : Peploviricota Class : Herviviricetes Order : Herpes viral Family : Herpesviridae Subfamily : Gammaherpesvirinae Genre : Rhadinovirus
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : dsDNA linear Baltimore : Group 1 Symmetry : icosahedral Cover : available
Scientific name
Rhadinovirus
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 10379 ViralZone ( ExPASy , SIB): 186 ICTVdB Virus Code : 00.031.3.02

The genus Rhadinovirus forms a subgroup of the subfamily of the gammaherpesviruses ( Gammaherpesvirinae ). These in turn belong to the herpes virus family ( Herpesviridae ). Rhadinoviruses have been isolated from various rodents ( burrowers ), ungulates ( domestic horses , wildebeests , cattle ) and primates . The only known human rhadinovirus is the human herpes virus 8 (officially human gamma herpesvirus 8 , HHV-8). HHV-8 causes Kaposi's sarcoma and some of Castleman's disease in humans . Like other gammherpes viruses, the rhadinoviruses infect lymphocytes , in which they also persist. Rhadinoviruses are often associated with a malignant transformation and thus the development of tumor diseases .

Rhadinoviruses are 150 to 200 nm in diameter, the icosahedral capsid ( T = 16 ) inside about 100–110 nm. The genome is wrapped inside the capsid on a thin, spindle-like core structure, after which the genus was named ( ancient Greek ῥαδινός = slim, tapering). The genome is approximately 145,000-165,000  bp in size. In addition, the virus particles (virions) also contain cellular and viral mRNA .

Systematics

In addition to a large number of currently unclassified rhadinoviruses or associated viruses in a wide variety of animal species ( primates , dolphins , hippopotamuses , rabbits , true bandi rats , elephants, etc.), the following representatives are defined as species of the genus:

• Genus rhadinovirus

• Species Human Herpesvirus 8 ( en.Human gammaherpesvirus 8 , HHV-8)
• Species herpesvirus saimiri 2 ( en.Saimiriine gammaherpesvirus 2 , SaHV-2)
• Species Ateline herpesvirus 2 ( spider monkey herpesvirus 2 , en. Ateline gammaherpesvirus 2 )
• Species Ateline herpesvirus 3 ( spider monkey herpesvirus 3 , en. Ateline gammaherpesvirus 3 )
• Species macaque herpesvirus 5 ( rhesus monkey rhadinovirus , Cercopithecines herpesvirus 17 , en. Macacine gammaherpesvirus 5 , McHV5)
• Species Bovine herpesvirus 4 (en. Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 , BoHV-4)
• Species Murides Herpesvirus 4 ( en.Murid gammaherpesvirus 4 , MuHV-4)

• Murine herpesvirus 68 (syn. Mouse herpesvirus 68)

• Species Murides Herpesvirus 7 ( en.Wood mouse herpesvirus , officially Murid gammaherpesvirus 7 , MuHV-8)
• Species Cricetides herpesvirus 2 ( rodent herpesvirus Peru , en. Cricetid gammaherpesvirus 2 ) - infects Cricetidae

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• Xue-Kui Yu, Christine M. O'Connor, Ivo Atanasov, Blossom Damania, Dean H. Kedes, Z. Hong Zhou: Three-Dimensional Structures of the A, B, and C Capsids of Rhesus Monkey Rhadinovirus: Insights into Gammaherpesvirus Capsid Assembly, Maturation, and DNA Packaging . In: Journal of Virology. 77 (24), 2003, pp. 13182-13193, doi: 10.1128 / JVI.77.24.13182-13193.2003 , PMC 296048 (free full text); with structure of a rhadinovirus capsid
• B. Damania and RC Desrosiers: Simian homologues of human herpesvirus 8 . Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. (2001) 356 (1408): pp. 535-543 (review), PMID 11313010

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Human alphaherpesvirus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
2. ↑ for example Rhesus Monkey Rhadinovirus (RRV), Yu et al. (2003)
3. ↑ ICTV : Master Species List 2018a v1 MSL including all taxa updates since the 2017 release. Fall 2018 (MSL # 33)
4. ↑ ViralZone: Rhadinovirus , SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics

Web links

• Rhadinovirus in the ICTV database
• Genus Rhadinovirus (NCBI)