Mavirus

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mavirus
Giant virus CroV with its virophage Mavirus.png

Virophage Mavirus (bottom left) and the associated giant virus CroV

Systematics
Classification : Viruses
Area : Varidnaviria
Empire : Bamfordvirae
Phylum : Preplasmiviricota
Class : Maveriviricetes
Order : Priklausovirales
Family : Lavidaviridae
Genre : Mavirus
Type : Cafeteriavirus-dependent mavirus
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : dsDNA circular
Baltimore : Group 1
Symmetry : spherical
Cover : is missing
Scientific name
Cafeteriavirus-dependent mavirus
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 993034
ViralZone ( ExPASy , SIB): 7841
ICTVdB Virus Code : 201853747

Mavirus is a genus of double-stranded DNA - viruses containing the marine phagotrophische Flagellate cafeteria roenbergensis in the presence of a second virus, the cafeteria roenbergensis virus infected (CroV). As of March 2019, this genus contains only onespecies confirmedby the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), the cafeteria virus-dependent mavirus .

Mavirus is therefore classified as a satellite virus and CroV is its helper virus . Since Mavirus affects the development and reproduction of its helper virus, it is also classified as a virophage ('virus eater'). The virophage was discovered in 2016 by Matthias G. Fischer of the University of British Columbia while investigating CroV. The mavirus can integrate into the genome of the cells of C. roenbergensis and thus help its populations to become immune to CroV.

The name is an abbreviation of Ma verick virus , from which the name of the class Maveriviricetes is derived (cf. older provisional names Polinton-like viruses , PLV : Polintoviruses and Virophages).

construction

The virions (virus particles) of Mavirus are not enveloped, their capsid has a diameter of 75  nm with icosahedral geometry (T = 27 symmetry). The genome is a circular DNA double strand with a length of 19,063  kb . It should according to the analysis 20 open reading frames ( English open reading frames , ORFs) include. Seven of these ORFs are homologous to the Polinton (also Maverick) family of transposons . The genome codes u. a. a retroviral integrase , an ATPase and a cysteine - protease .

Systematics

Mavirus is a genus within the virus family Lavidaviridae established by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in 2016 .

In the meantime, another species has been suggested to be assigned to this genus, Ace Lake Mavirus (ALM)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ S. Duponchel, M. G. Fischer: "Viva lavidaviruses! Five features of virophages that parasitize giant DNA viruses". PLoS pathogens , 15 (3), 2019. doi : 10.1371 / journal.ppat.1007592 . CC-BY icon.svgThe material is obtained from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License .
  2. ↑ a b c d e ICTV: ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1 , New MSL including all taxa updates since the 2018b release, March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  3. ^ A b Matthias G. Fischer MG, Curtis A. Suttle: A virophage at the origin of large DNA transposons . In: Science . 332, No. 6026, April 2011, pp. 231-234. bibcode : 2011Sci ... 332..231F . doi : 10.1126 / science.1199412 . PMID 21385722 .
  4. ↑ ICTV : Master Species List 2018b.v2 , MSL # 34v March 2019
  5. ↑ a b Matthias G. Fischer, Thomas Hackl: Host genome integration and giant virus-induced reactivation of the virophage mavirus . In: Nature . 540, No. 7632, December 2016, pp. 288-291. bibcode : 2016Natur.540..288F . doi : 10.1038 / nature20593 . PMID 27929021 .
  6. ↑ Natalya Yutin, Sofiya Shevchenko, Vladimir Kapitonov, Mart Krupovic, Eugene V. Koonin: A novel group of diverse Polinton-like viruses discovered by metagenome analysis , in: BMC Biology Volume 13, No. 95, November 11, 2015
  7. ↑ Expasy: ViralZone: Mavirus
  8. ↑ M. Krupovic, JH Kuhn, MG Fischer: A classification system for virophages and satellite viruses. . In: Archives of Virology . 161, No. 1, January 2016, pp. 233-47. doi : 10.1007 / s00705-015-2622-9 . PMID 26446887 .
  9. ↑ J. Zhou, W. Zhang, S. Yan, J. Xiao, Y. Zhang, B. Li, Y. Pan, Y. Wang: Diversity of virophages in metagenomic data sets. In: Journal of Virology . Volume 87, number 8, April 2013, pp. 4225-4236, doi : 10.1128 / JVI.03398-12 , PMID 23408616 , PMC 3624350 (free full text).
  10. ↑ Chaowen Gong, Weijia Zhang, Xuewen Zhou, Hongming Wang, Guowei Sun, Jinzhou Xiao, Yingjie Pan, Shuling Yan, Yongjie Wang: Novel Virophages detected in a Freshwater Lake in China . In: Front. Micribiol., January 22, 2016, doi: 10.3389 / fmicb.2016.00005

Web links