Picornavirales
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Illustration of Rhinovirus 16, Picornaviridae : Enterovirus |
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Picornavirales is an order of viruses that, following a proposal from 2007, has been adoptedby the Official Board for Virus Taxonomy (ICTV)since 2009 for taxonomic classification. Until then, they spoke of a picornavirus supergroup to show the close relationship. The Picornavirales combine different families and genera thatcontain non-enveloped viruses with a single-stranded RNA with positive polarity and in which the arrangement of the genes and phylogenetic analyzes of the viral RNA polymerase and helicase show a close relationship. All representatives of the order have only one open reading frame which codes for a polyprotein . Within the order, the virus particles (virions) of the various virus groups also have a uniform capsid structure with a pseudo (T = 3) symmetry .
Systematics
Internal system
The order Picornavirales includes the following virus families:
- Family Picornaviridae
- Family Dicistroviridae
- Family Iflaviridae
- Species wing deformity virus
- Species bagbrood virus
- Family Marnaviridae
- Genus Bacillarnavirus
- Genus Kusarnavirus
- Genus Labyrnavirus
- Genus Locarnavirus
- Genus Marnavirus
- Polycipiviridae family
- Family Secoviridae
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- Subfamily Comovirinae (former families Comoviridae )
- without assigned subfamily:
- Genus Cheravirus
- Genus Sadwavirus
- Genus Sequivirus
- Genus Torradovirus
- Genus Waikavirus
- Family Caliciviridae (reassigned with ICTV Master Species List # 35)
External system
In 2015, Koonin et al assigned the picornavirales taxonomically (due to their relationship) together with a number of other virus families to the supergroup "Picornavirus-like superfamily" postulated by them. According to the authors, the family tree of this supergroup is as follows:
| " Picornavirus -like superfamily " |
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The members of this putative supergroup belong to different groups of the Baltimore classification , usually they are single-stranded RNA viruses of positive polarity ((+) ssRNA, Baltimore group 4), but there are also - like the Totiviridae and Hypoviridae - many double-stranded representatives (marked with dsRNA, Baltimore Group 3) to be found.
ICTV Master Species List # 35
With the new Master species List of the ICTV, ratified in March 2020, the following picture emerges:
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Of the Kitrinoviricota , only the Luteoviridae mentioned above are listed, other phyla of the Orthornavirae are not considered here. The “Picornavirus-like superfamily” essentially coincides with the two phyle Pisuviricota and Duplornaviricota of the Orthornavirae (which contain other phyla).
literature
- P. Christian, C.M. Fauquet, et al. : Taxonomic Proposal to the ICTV Executive Committee , October 17, 2007 (full text access)
- O. Le Gall, P. Christian et al. : Picornavirales, a proposed order of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a pseudo-T = 3 virion architecture . Arch Virol. (2008) 153 (4): pp. 715-727 PMID 18293057
- H. Sanfaçon, J. Wellink et al. : Secoviridae: a proposed family of plant viruses within the order Picornavirales that combines the families Sequiviridae and Comoviridae, the unassigned genera Cheravirus and Sadwavirus, and the proposed genus Torradovirus . Arch Virol. (2009) 154 (5): pp. 899-907 PMID 19350366
- AN Lukashev: Role of recombination in evolution of enteroviruses . Rev Med Virol. (2005) 15 (3): pp. 157-167 (Review) PMID 15578739
Individual evidence
- ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b v1 MSL # 34, Feb. 2019
- ↑ a b ICTV: ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1 , New MSL including all taxa updates since the 2018b release, March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ a b c d ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Enterovirus C , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ SIB: Marnaviridae , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Cheravirus , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Fabavirus , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Nepovirus , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Cheravirus , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Sadwavirus , on: ViralZone
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ Since this group (referred to by the authors as English superfamily ) contains an order with the picornavirales , their rank must be higher than this and should not be understood as a superfamily . Ranks higher than order were not given by the ICTV at the time of the work.
- ^ Eugene V. Koonin, Valerian V. Dolja, Mart Krupovic: Origins and evolution of viruses of eukaryotes: The ultimate modularity , in: Virology from May 2015; 479-480. 2-25, Epub March 12, 2015, PMC 5898234 (free full text), PMID 25771806
- ↑ SIB: Hypoviridae , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Astroviridae , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Luteoviridae , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Amalgaviridae , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Partitiviridae , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Chrysoviridae , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SIB: Quadriviridae , on: ViralZone
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Lily mottle virus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Avastrovirus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Mushroom bacilliform virus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Allium cepa amalgavirus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Beet cryptic virus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Human picobirnavirus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Amasya cherry disease associated chrysovirus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Rosellinia necatrix quadrivirus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus LA , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Bluetongue virus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Alfalfa enamovirus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
Web links
- Picornavirales (Institute for Animal Health, UK)