Dicistroviridae

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Dicistroviridae
Systematics
Classification : Viruses
Area : Riboviria
Empire : Orthornavirae
Phylum : Pisuviricota
Class : Pisoniviricetes
Order : Picornavirales
Family : Dicistroviridae
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : ss (+) RNA
Baltimore : Group 4
Symmetry : icosahedral
Cover : no
Scientific name
Dicistroviridae
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 39729
ViralZone ( ExPASy , SIB): 36

The Dicistroviridae are a family of RNA viruses that infect various species of insects . The Dicistroviridae infect tube aphids ( Aphididae ), flies , dwarf leafhoppers , bees , ants and silk moths .

construction

Virion

Discistroviruses have an unenveloped icosahedral capsid about 30 nm in diameter with the triangulation number pseudo-3. The capsid consists of four capsid proteins CP1-4 , of which CP1-3 are on the surface of the capsid and CP4 on the inside of the capsid.

Genome

Dicistroviruses have a genome made up of a single-stranded RNA molecule of positive polarity , which carries the viral protein VPg at the 5 'end and a poly A tail at the 3' end . The name Dicistroviridae comes from the di cistronic structure of the genome, they have two non-overlapping open reading frames . Some dicistroviruses were originally counted among the picornaviruses . The dicistroviruses belong together with other families like the Picornaviridae , the Iflaviridae and the Secoviridae (the latter contain the former families Sequiviridae and Comoviridae ) to the virus order Picornavirales , the Picornavirales in turn belong together with other families like the Potyviridae and Totiviridae to the proposed group super picornavyirus united. This superfamily (actually superorder) has the sequence of the genes in the genome Hel (Helicase) -Pro (Protease) -RdRp (RNA polymerase) and in the second open reading frame CP1-CP4-CP2-CP3. In contrast to most of the other members of the superfamily, the capsid proteins are located at the 3 'end of the genome and only dicistroviruses and comoviruses have two open reading frames.

The cripaviruses each have an IRES at the 5 'end of both open reading frames, which is used as an alternative translation start point. In cricket paralysis virus, the protein VP1A is created from the first open reading frame via a reading frame jump .

Proteins

From each open reading frame, a polyprotein is generated from the genome , which is then broken down into its final components by proteolysis .

Systematics

Internal system

According to ICTV , as of November 2018, the Dicistroviridae family consists of three genera:

  • Genus Cripavirus (formerly Cricket paralysis-like viruses ):
  • Other suggested species:

External system

With the Master species List # 35 of March 2020, the ICTV assigned the Dicistroviridae de order Picornavirales . A cladogram can be found there under Picornavirales §ICTV Master Species List # 35 .

literature

  • YP Chen et al .: Family Dicistroviridae . In: AMQ King, MJ Adams, EB Carstens, EJ Lefkowitz (eds.): Virus Taxonomy. Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Amsterdam 2012. pp. 840-842 ISBN 978-0-12-384684-6 .
  • DM Knipe, Peter M. Howley , DE Griffin, (Eds.): Fields Virology. 5th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 2007, ISBN 978-0-7817-6060-7 .

Web links

  • MeSH Dicistroviridae
  • Dicistroviridae , on: ViralZone , Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB)
  • ICTV: Index of Viruses - Dicistroviridae . In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4 . Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York 2009. [1] .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b.v2 . MSL # 34, March 2019
  2. ↑ a b c d ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Enterovirus C , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  3. ↑ Hunnicutt, LE, Hunter, WB, Cave RD, Powell, CA, Mozoruk, JJ. 2006. Genome sequence and molecular characterization of Homalodisca coagulata virus-1 , a novel virus discovered in the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Virology 350: 67-78
  4. ^ De Miranda, JR, Cordoni, G., Budge. G., 2010a. The Acute bee paralysis virus-Kashmir bee virus-Israeli acute paralysis virus complex. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 103: S30-S47
  5. ^ Valles, SM, Strong, CA, Dang, PM, Hunter, WB, Pereira, RM, Oi, DH, Shapiro, AM, Williams, DF. 2004. A picorna-like virus from the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta : initial discovery, genome sequence, and characterization. Virology 328: 151-157
  6. ↑ Hunter, WB, Katsar, CS, Chaparro, JX. 2006. Molecular analysis of capsid protein of Homalodisca coagulata virus-1 , a new leafhopper-infecting virus from the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca coagulata . Journal of Insect Science 6:31
  7. ↑ ICTV : Reports: Picornavirales> Secoviridae , April 2017
  8. ↑ See picornavirales § External systematics
  9. ^ Eugene V. Koonin, Valerian V. Dolja, Mart Krupovic: Origins and evolution of viruses of eukaryotes: The ultimate modularity , in: Virology from May 2015; 479-480. 2-25, Epub March 12, 2015, PMC 5898234 (free full text), PMID 25771806
  10. ↑ Y Kanamori, Nakashima N: A tertiary structure model of the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) for methionine-independent initiation of translation . In: RNA . 7, No. 2, 2001, pp. 266-274. doi : 10.1017 / S1355838201001741 . PMID 11233983 . PMC 1370084 (free full text).
  11. ↑ Malys N, McCarthy JEG: Translation initiation: variations in the mechanism can be anticipated . In: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences . 68, No. 6, 2010, pp. 991-1003. doi : 10.1007 / s00018-010-0588-z . PMID 21076851 .
  12. ↑ MI Hertz, SR Thompson: Mechanism of translation initiation by Dicistroviridae IGR IRESs. In: Virology. Volume 411, Number 2, March 2011, pp. 355-361, ISSN  1096-0341 . doi : 10.1016 / j.virol.2011.01.005 . PMID 21284991 . PMC 3076094 (free full text).
  13. ↑ ICTV : Master Species List 2018a v1 MSL including all taxa updates since the 2017 release. Fall 2018 (MSL # 33)
  14. ↑ Y. Gao et al. : Cryo-EM structures of novel viruses from mud crab Scylla Paramamosain with multiple infections , in: J Virol., January 16, 2019, pii: JVI.02255-18. doi: 10.1128 / JVI.02255-18
  15. ↑ ICTV: ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1 , New MSL including all taxa updates since the 2018b release, March 2020 (MSL # 35)