Pestivirus
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The genus Pestivirus comprises enveloped viruses with a positive-stranded RNA single strand as a genome that cause infectious diseases in pigs , cattle , sheep and possibly other cloven-hoofed animals . The genus is named after the virus that causes classic swine plague . Pestiviruses occur in two different biotypes , which are differentiated into cp (cytopathogenic) and ncp (non-cytopathogenic) strains according to their ability to trigger a cytopathic effect in cell cultures .
Morphology and genome
The virions (virus particles) of the pestiviruses have a diameter of about 40 to 60 nm and are spherical, irregular in shape in the electron microscope representation. A symmetry of the capsid has not yet been shown; the core protein is very likely to be associated with genomic RNA, but in a disordered manner in the virion. In contrast to all other genera of the Flaviviridae family, the virus envelope contains three (E1, E2, M) instead of two envelope proteins. Annular, 10 to 12 nm structures can be seen on the surface of the shell.
The positive-stranded RNA is about 12,300 nucleotides long and comprises only one open reading frame that codes for a polyprotein . Two gene products are typical of the genus, one of which (N pro ) has an autocatalytic activity in the cleavage of the polyprotein, the second (E rns ) shows an RNase activity. At the 5 'end of the RNA, pestiviruses have an IRES and therefore no 5' cap structure .
Systematics
According to ICTV status from November 2018, the genus Pestivirus includes the following species:
- Species Pestivirus A : Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus 1 (BVDV1)
- Species Pestivirus B : Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus 2 (BVDV2)
- Species pestivirus C : classical swine fever virus ( Classical swine fever virus or Hog cholera virus , CSFV)
- Species Pestivirus D : Border Disease Virus (BDV), affects sheep
- Species Pestivirus F : Porcine Pestivirus (PPeV)
- Species Pestivirus G : Giraffe Pestivirus (GPeV)
- Species Pestivirus J : Rat Pestivirus (RPeV)
- Species Pestivirus K : Atypical Porcine Pestivirus (APPeV)
swell
- H.-J. Thiel, MS Collett, et al. : Genus Pestivirus . In: CM Fauquet, MA Mayo et al. : Eighth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses . London, San Diego, 2005 pp. 988ff, ISBN 0-12-249951-4
Web links
- Genus Pestivirus in the NCBI database
- Genus Pestivirus in the ICTV database
Individual evidence
- ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b.v2 . MSL # 34, March 2019
- ↑ a b c d ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Yellow fever virus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ Positive-sense RNA Viruses> Flaviviridae - Genus: Pestivirus , in: 10th Report of the ICTV, 2017
- ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018a v1