Negarnaviricota

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Negarnaviricota
Negarnaviricota montage.jpg

A montage of TEM images of
some viruses from the phylum
Negarnaviricota (not to scale).
From left to right, top to bottom:
Zaire Ebolavirus , Sin Nombre Orthohantavirus , Respiratory Syncytial Virus (en. Human orthopneu- movirus ), Hendra Henipa virus , a rhabdovirus (unspecified), measles morbillivirus .


Systematics
Classification : Viruses
Area : Riboviria
Empire : Orthornavirae
Phylum : Negarnaviricota
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : (-) ss RNA
Baltimore : Group 5
Scientific name
Negarnaviricota
Short name
NSV

The Phylum (strain) Negarnaviricota (sometimes English Negative stranded RNA viruses , NSVs called) comprises all negativsträngigen viruses with a single stranded RNA genome in negative-strand orientation ( -nega ) with the exception of the delta virus ( hepatitis D virus ) . It is divided into the subphyla (sub- strains ) Haploviricotina and Polyploviricotina . The phylum was established on November 4, 2018 as the only virus phylum to date by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), but it does not include all viruses by far, as most of them have not (yet) been assigned a phylum.

Systematics

Internal system

The taxonomy of the Negarnaviricota up to the rank of order (and some selected families ) is as follows:

In terms of scope, the Phylum Negarnaviricota includes all viruses for which Koonin et al. (2015) suggested a relatives group Negative-strand RNA viruses , even if the structure published by ICTV (and only partially reproduced above) does not always correspond in detail to the family tree there.

External system

In 2015, Koonin et al suspected that the family group Negative-strand RNA viruses ( i.e. today's Phylum Negarnaviricota ) , which they postulated at the time , could be descended from the Flaviviridae family. Together with the Tombusviridae (as a proposed sister group of the Flaviviridae ) they have declared them to be members of the supergroup “Flavivirus-like superfamily” they postulated. For the picornavirales and the tymovirales , they have proposed similar supergroups (“picornavirus-like superfamily” or “alphavirus-like superfamily”) at the same point together with other RNA virus families.

Shi et al (2016) similarly refer to the further relationship of the Flaviviridae as " Flavi-like viruses ".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b v1 MSL # 34, Feb. 2019
  2. ↑ a b ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Akabane orthobunyavirus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  3. ↑ a b ICTV Master Species List 2018a v1 .
  4. ↑ Jens H. Kuhn: Megataxonomy of Negautve-Sense RNA Viruses: Phylum Negarnaviricota , NIH / NIAID / DCR / Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
  5. ^ A b Eugene V. Koonin, Valerian V. Dolja, Mart Krupovic: Origins and evolution of viruses of eukaryotes: The ultimate modularity , in: Virology from May 2015; 479-480. 2-25, Epub March 12, 2015, PMC 5898234 (free full text), PMID 25771806
  6. ↑ Since this supergroup (referred to by the authors as English superfamily ) contains a phylum with the Nagarnaviricota , their rank must be higher than this and should not be understood as a superfamily . Ranks higher than order (such as Phylum) were not specified by the ICTV at the time of the 2015 work.
  7. ↑ Mang Shi, Xian-Dan Lin, Nikos Vasilakis, Jun-Hua Tian, ​​Ci-Xiu Li, Liang-Jun Chen, Gillian Eastwood, Xiu-Nian Diao, Ming-Hui Chen, Xiao Chen, Xin-Cheng Qin, Steven G. Widen, Thomas G Wood, Robert B Tesh, Jianguo Xu, Edward C Holmes, Yong-Zhen Zhang: Divergent Viruses Discovered in Arthropods and Vertebrates Revise the Evolutionary History of the Flaviviridae and Related Viruses . In: Journal of Virology . 90, No. 2, 2016, pp. 659-69. doi : 10.1128 / JVI.02036-15 . PMID 26491167 . PMC 4702705 (free full text).

literature