Rhabdoviridae
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As rhabdovirus ( Greek. : Rhabdos - rod) is defined as the virus of the family Rhabdoviridae . Members of this family have vertebrates , insects or plants as hosts . All these viruses are enveloped single (-) - strand RNA viruses = ss (-) RNA, mostly rod-shaped, cylindrical in shape.
features
The outer shell of rhabdoviruses consists of protein molecules, which are usually provided with small hairs. The hairs are used by the virus to penetrate the cells, which is presumably done through endocytosis. The core of rhabdoviruses consists of a minus-RNA strand (complementary to the mRNA).
Systematics
According to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), the family consists of the following genera as of March 2019:
- Family: Rhabdoviridae
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- Genus: Almendravirus
- Species Puerto Almendras almendravirus (type)
- Genus: Alphanemrhavirus
- Species Xingshan alphanemrhavirus (type)
- Genus: Caligrhavirus
- Species Lepeophtheirus caligrhavirus (type)
- Species Curionopolis curiovirus (type)
- Genus: Cytorhabdovirus
- Species Lettuce necrotic yellows cytorhabdovirus (type)
- Species Orchid fleck dichorhavirus (type)
- Genus: ephemerovirus
- Species Bovine fever ephemerovirus (type)
- Species Flanders hapavirus (type)
- Species Le Dantec ledantevirus (type)
- Genus: Lyssavirus
- Species Australian bat lyssavirus ( Australian bat lyssavirus )
- Species Duvenhage virus ( Duvenhage virus )
- Species European bat 1 lyssavirus ( European bat lyssavirus 1 )
- Species European bat 2 lyssavirus ( European bat lyssavirus 2 )
- Species Lagos bat lyssavirus ( Lagos bat virus )
- Species Mokola lyssavirus ( Mokola Virus )
- Species Rabies lyssavirus ( rabies virus , rabies virus , type)
- Genus: Novirhabdovirus
- Species Piscine novirhabdovirus ( Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus , Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus , VHSV, Egtved virus , Oncorhynchus 2 novirhabdovirus )
- Species Salmonid novirhabdovirus ( Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus , IHNV, type)
- Genus: Nucleorhabdovirus
- Species Potato yellow dwarf nucleorhabdovirus (type)
- Genus: Perhabdovirus
- Species Perch perhabdovirus (type)
- Genus: Sigmavirus
- Species Drosophila melanogaster sigmavirus (type)
- Genus: Sprivivirus
- Species Carp sprivivirus (type)
- Genus: Sripuvirus
- Species Niakha sripuvirus (type)
- Genus: Tibrovirus
- Species Tibrogargan tibrovirus (type)
- Species Bas Congo Virus
- Genus: Tupavirus
- Species Durham tupavirus (type)
- Species Tupaia tupavirus
- Genus: Vesiculovirus
- Species Indiana vesiculovirus ( Vesicular stomatitis virus )
- without assigned genus:
- Species: Moussa virus
Note: In addition to the type species, only a selection of other species is listed.
The rhabdoviruses include u. a. the most important genera for humans, the vesiculoviruses and the lyssaviruses .
Vesiculoviruses
Vesiculoviruses include the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV, officially Indiana vesiculovirus ), which causes vesicular stomatitis (inflammation of the oral mucosa with blistering) in animals and which can also be transmitted to humans.
Lyssaviruses
Lyssaviruses include rabies virus , which causes rabies in animals and humans , the Australian bat lyssavirus , the Duvenhage virus , two European bat lyssaviruses , the Lagos bat virus , and the mokola virus . The viruses usually have either a spiral or cubic symmetry, while lyssaviruses have a spiral symmetry , ie their contagious particles are roughly cylindrical in shape. This is actually typical of viruses that attack plants. Viruses infesting humans are generally more cubic and assume shapes that approximate regular polyhedra .
literature
- Georg Fuchs: General Microbiology. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 3-13-444608-1 , page 117.
- Modrow, et al .: "Molecular Virology", Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2010, 3rd edition, ISBN 978-3-8274-1833-3 , page 263
Individual evidence
- ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b v1 MSL # 34, Feb. 2019
- ↑ a b ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Akabane orthobunyavirus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ ICTV: Master Species List 2018b.v2 , MSL # 34v from March 2019
- ↑ SBI: Cytorhabdovirus , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SBI: Ephemerovirus , on: ViralZone
- ↑ SBI: Novirhabdovirus , on: ViralZone
- ↑ Peter Walker: Implementation of taxon-wide non-Latinized binomial species names in the family Rhabdoviridae ( en ) June 15, 2015. Accessed June 15, 2019.
- ^ McAllister, Philip E .: Fish Disease Leaflet 83: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia of Fishes . United States Department of the Interior, US Fish and Wildlife Service. 1990. Retrieved July 12, 2007.
- ↑ Gael Kurath, Jens H. Kuhn: Rename two (2) species in the genus Novirhabdovirus ( en ) July 18, 2016. Accessed June 15, 2019.
- ↑ Disease Factsheets: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Iowa State University, The Center for Food Security & Public Health. Last updated May 17, 2007. Retrieved July 12, 2007.
- ↑ SBI: Nucleorhabdovirus , on: ViralZone