Chloriridovirus

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Chloriridovirus
Systematics
Classification : Viruses
Area : Varidnaviria
Empire : Bamfordvirae
Phylum : Nucleocytoviricota
Class : Megaviricetes
Order : Pimascovirales
Family : Iridoviridae
Subfamily : Betairidovirinae
Genre : Chloriridovirus
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : dsDNA linear
Baltimore : Group 1
Symmetry : icosahedral
Cover : available
Scientific name
Chloriridovirus
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 10491
ViralZone ( ExPASy , SIB): 582

Chloriridovirus is a genus of giant viruses ( Nucleocytoviricota , NCLDVs) belonging tothe Iridoviridae family , Betairidovirinae . The natural hosts are insects from the order of the Diptera with an aquatic larval stage , mainly biting flies , butterflies and grasshoppers ( grasshoppers ). The type species of this genus is Invertebrate iridescent virus 3 (IIV-3). Insect larvae infected with viruses of this genus can be recognized by various iridescent ferns - usually a yellow-green iridescence - under the epidermis . The early stages of mosquito larvae are most susceptible to infection. Death rates arehighestin the fourth instar (L4).

The name is derived from the usually yellow-green iridescence of the infected mosquito larvae: ancient Greek χλωρός chlōrós "light green, fresh" and English iridescent "iridescent, shimmering" or the deity iris ( Greek  Ἶρις ) from Greek mythology , personification of the rainbow.

construction

The virus particles (virions) of the genus Chloriridovirus are enveloped and have icosahedral and polyhedral geometry with T = 189–217 symmetry . The diameter is 18  nm .

Genome

The genome is unsegmented and linear with a length of about 135  kb . It codes for 126 proteins .

  • In Invertebrate iridescent virus 3 (IIV3) the genome length is 191,100 bp and 126 proteins are predicted to be encoded with a GC content of 48%.
  • In the Wiseana iridescent virus (WiV, to species IIV9) the genome length is 205,791 bp, 193 proteins are predicted to be encoded, and the GC content is 31%.

Propagation cycle

The replication of the viruses is nucleocytoplasmic (belonging to the group of NCLDV ). As with the genus Iridovirus, entry into the host cell occurs through the attachment of the viral proteins to receptors on the surface of the host cell, which causes endocytosis . The replication also follows the DNA strand-displacement model ( English DNA beach displacement model ).

Systematics

The classification of the genus Iridovirus as of February 2019 according to ICTV is as follows:

  • Genus Chloriridovirus
  • Wiseana iridescent virus (WiV)

In addition, the following candidates have not yet been classified according to ICTV:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Frog virus 3 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  2. ↑ a b c d ICTV : Iridoviridae ( en )
  3. ↑ James J. Becnel: Current status of Deltabaculoviruses, Cypoviruses and Chloriridoviruses pathogenic for mosquitoes . In: Virologica Sinica . 22, No. 2, January 16, 2008, pp. 117-127. doi : 10.1007 / s12250-007-0013-4 .
  4. ↑ See English instar
  5. ↑ a b c d ViralZone: Chloriridovirus . ExPASy. Retrieved July 21, 2019.
  6. ↑ Dawn B. Willis; Darai Gholamreza (Ed.): Taxonomy of Iridoviruses . In: Molecular Biology of Iridoviruses . Springer Verlag, 1990, ISBN 978-1-4612-8893-0 , pp. 1-12.
  7. ↑ a b David M. Needham, Alexandra Z. Worden et al .: A distinct lineage of giant viruses brings a rhodopsin photosystem to unicellular marine predators , in: PNAS, 23 September 2019, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1907517116 , ISSN 0027 -8424, here: Supplement 1 (xlsx)
  8. ↑ NCBI: Wiseana iridescent virus (no rank)
  9. ↑ Julien Andreani, Jacques YB Khalil, Emeline Baptiste, Issam Hasni, Caroline Michelle, Didier Raoult, Anthony Levasseur, Bernard La Scola: Orpheovirus IHUMI-LCC2: A New Virus among the Giant Viruses , in: Front. Microbiol., January 22, 2018, doi: 10.3389 / fmicb.2017.02643

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