Podoviridae

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Podoviridae
Podoviridae.svg

Typical appearance of a virus particle of the Podoviridae

Systematics
Classification : Viruses
Area : Duplodnaviria
Empire : Heunggongvirae
Phylum : Uroviricota
Class : Caudoviricetes
Order : Caudovirales
Family : Podoviridae
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : dsDNA linear
Baltimore : Group 1
Symmetry : icosahedral
Cover : no
Scientific name
Podoviridae
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 10744
ViralZone ( ExPASy , SIB): 141
ICTVdB Virus Code : 02.054

The virus family Podoviridae comprises bacteriophages of the order Caudovirales with a linear, double-stranded DNA genome 16 to 70  kBp in length, a 50-70 nm in diameter icosahedral capsid with a short, non-contractile tail of approx. 20 × 8 nm Genus there are six short tail fibers or several short processes ( spikes ) on the tail part . This short tail part is characteristic of the Podoviridae within the order Caudovirales , therefore the name for the family is derived from the Greek podos (ποδός) for "foot".

The genera within the Podoviridae differ in terms of the organization of the genome , the mechanisms of DNA packaging and the presence of a DNA polymerase . The species of the genus Salasvirus (formerly Phi29virus , Phi29likevirus , Φ29-like viruses ), in contrast to the others, have an elongated, non-isometric capsid.

In addition to the four genera so far, the Podoviridae family also includes several other species that are not assigned to any genus.

Systematics

As of March 2019 (ICTV MSL # 34v 2018b.v2), the Podoviridae family comprises three subfamilies with the following genera :

Family Podoviridae

00Subfamily Autographivirinae
  • Genus Zindervirus (obsolete Sp6virus , Sp6likevirus , SP6-like viruses )
00Subfamily Picovirinae
  • Genus Negarvirus
  • Genus Rosenblumvirus (obsolete P68virus , Ahjdlikevirus , AHJD-like viruses )
  • Genus Salasvirus (obsolete Phi29virus , Phi29likevirus , Phi29-like viruses , Φ29-like viruses )
00Subfamily Sepvirinae
00 Subfamily not determined:
  • Species " Puniceispirillum phage HMO-2011 " (proposed)

The genus Nonanavirus was moved to the Siphoviridae family . The subfamily Autographivirinae was raised to the rank of a family Autographiviridae . Other phages from the Podoviridae family (already registered by ICTV) such as Roseobacter virus SIO1 (alias bacteriophage SIO1 ) and Vibrio virus VpV262 (alias bacteriophage VpV262 ) are evolutionarily related to the Autographiviridae , but do not contain any phage-encoded RNA polymerase and also show greater differences at the level of genome organization.

particularities

The genus Salasvirus (formerly Φ29-like viruses ) in the subfamily Picovirinae has a terminal protein bound to the genome analogous to the Adenoviridae and Tectiviridae , which is used to start DNA replication ( protein priming ). The Φ29-like viruses code for a type B DNA polymerase , e.g. B. the Φ29 DNA polymerase , which is homologous to the polymerase II from Escherichia coli .

literature

  • Fauquet, C. M., Mayo, M.A. et al. : Eighth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. London, San Diego, 2004.
  • David M. Knipe, Peter M. Howley, et al. (Ed.): Fields' Virology. 4th edition, Philadelphia 2001.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Enterobacteria phage T4 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  2. ↑ NCBI: Streptococcus virus Cp1 (species)
  3. ↑ C. Ronda, R. López, E. García: Isolation and characterization of a new bacteriophage, Cp-1, infecting Streptococcus pneumoniae . In: J. Virol. . 40, No. 2, 1981, pp. 551-559. PMID 6275103 . PMC 256658 (free full text).
  4. ↑ Rubens López: Streptococcus pneumoniae and its bacteriophages: one long argument , in: International Microbiology 7 (3), pp. 163–171, October 2004, PDF , doi: 10.1093 / clinids / 3.2.212
  5. ↑ NCBI: Streptococcus virus Cp7 (species)
  6. ↑ NCBI: Streptococcus phage Cp-5 (species)
  7. ↑ NCBI: Achromobacter phage phiAxp-3 (isolate)
  8. ↑ NCBI: Puniceispirillum phage HMO-2011 (species)
  9. ↑ Ilnam Kang, Hyun-Myung Oh, Dongmin Kang, Jang-Cheon Cho: Genome of a SAR116 bacteriophage shows the prevalence of this phage type in the oceans , in: PNAS 110 (30), July 23, 2013, p. 12343– 12348, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1219930110
  10. ↑ Hyun-Myung Oh, Kae Kyoung Kwon, Ilnam Kang, Sung Gyun Kang, Jung-Hyun Lee, Sang-Jin Kim, Jang-Cheon Cho: Complete Genome Sequence of “ Candidatus Puniceispirillum marinum” IMCC1322, a Representative of the SAR116 clade in the Alphaproteobacteria , in: Journal of Bacteriology, May 26, 2010, doi: 10.1128 / JB.00347-10 , PMID 20382761
  11. ↑ R. Lavigne, D. Seto, P. Mahadevan, HW Ackermann, AM Kropinski: Unifying classical and molecular taxonomic classification: analysis of the Podoviridae using BLASTP-based tools . In: Research in Microbiology . tape 159 , no. 5 , 2008, p. 406-414 , doi : 10.1016 / j.resmic.2008.03.005 , PMID 18555669 .
  12. ↑ ICTV: ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1 , New MSL including all taxa updates since the 2018b release, March 2020 (MSL # 35)