Namru (Günsa)

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Namru ( Chinese  那 木 如 村 , Pinyin Nǎmùrú Cūn , formerly also: 南 木 如 村 , Nánmùrú Cūn ) is a village in the municipality of Günsa in the Gar county of the Ngari administrative district in the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China . Namru has an area of ​​approx. 1550 km² and 796 inhabitants (2011, population density 0.5 inh / km²), exclusively Tibetans .

Administrative structure

Namru is made up of three settlements. These are:

  • Kyongbo (琼普 村), seat of the municipal government;
  • Garyarsa (噶 尔雅沙 村);
  • Tangra (塘 热 村).

Garyarsa

Garyarsa (噶 尔雅沙 村, also: 噶 尔亚沙 村), formerly known as Gartok , was an important trading post on the more than 1500 km long caravan route from Leh in Ladakh via Gartok, the Tradün monastery , Samzhubzê and Gyangzê to Lhasa .

The place is located on the right bank of one of the headwaters of the Indus in western Tibet in a wide valley at 4440 m altitude at the foot of the Kailash mountain range. The present-day settlement, which consists of the remains of the once important place, is hardly noticeable from the national road G 219, which passes on the other bank at a great distance.

Gartok was a junction of several caravan routes and a market place that was frequented by traders from all surrounding countries. However, the place consisted of only a few houses, around which a large number of tents were grouped in summer. Gartok was the most important place in western Tibet at that time. In winter Gartok had only a few inhabitants.

In the 19th century, Tibet was a forbidden country for Europeans in general and for the British in particular . This meant that Gartok was not accessible to them (with a few exceptions), while the local traders and pilgrims from the countries in the Karakoram and Himalayas were largely able to cross the borders and get to Gartok without any problems. Gartok was known from the stories, but neither its exact location nor the topography of the caravan routes. That is why Gartok was one of the first destinations to which the British sent so-called pundits to obtain reliable geographic information. Gartok seemed so important to the British that, following the British Tibet campaign he led , Major Francis Younghusband included a clause in the contract of August 3, 1904, according to which Gartok, along with Yadong and Gyangzê, would be open to British-Indian trade (even if this was hardly possible had practical consequences). The Gartok expedition under Captains CHD Ryder and CG Rawling , sent immediately afterwards by Younghusband, stayed in Gartok for only one day on their way from Gyangzê to Shimla . That was enough to establish that the place, which was largely abandoned by the beginning of winter, will not play a major political role.

swell

  • Report on political work in Namru of June 27, 2011 - Chinese
  • 南 木 如 乡Nanmuru Xiang (Namru Township). In: Cui, Naifu 崔乃夫 [ed.]: 中华人民共和国 地名 大 词典, 第三 卷Zhonghua renmin gongheguo diming da cidian, di san juan (Large Lexicon of Place Names of the People's Republic of China, Vol. 3). 商务印书馆Shangwu yinshuguan (trade publishing house). 北京 Beijing 2000. ISBN 710002708X . P. 5171.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "administrative village" (行政 村)
  2. ↑ "natural village" (自然村)
  3. ↑ Place names from Google Earth
  4. ^ A b Derek Waller: The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia . University Press of Kentucky, 2004; ISBN 0813191009 , pp. 100-02.
  5. ^ Francis Younghusband: India and Tibet . London, 1910. Reprint: Asian Educational Services, New Delhi, 1993 and 2005, p. 330. Digitized on Google Books, accessed October 13, 2012
  6. ↑ Alex McKay: Tibet and the British Raj: The Frontier Cadre 1904-1947 . Curzon Press, Richmond, Surrey 1997, ISBN 0-7007-0627-5 , p. XXV. Digitized on Google Books, accessed October 13, 2012

Coordinates: 31 ° 43 ′ 42 ″  N , 80 ° 20 ′ 15 ″  E