Gaussberg
| Gaussberg | ||
|---|---|---|
 Map 1: 7500 (1921) |
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| height | 370 m | |
| location | Antarctica | |
| Coordinates | 66 ° 48 '17 " S , 89 ° 11' 31" E | |
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| Type | Volcano , extinct | |
The Gaußberg (also internationalized Gaussberg ) is an extinct volcano on the coast of the Southern Ocean ( Davissee ) in Kaiser Wilhelm II Land in Antarctica . He is now in the Australian claim area of the Antarctic .
The height of the volcanic cone is 370 m above sea level and its prominent peak protruding from the ice field is the only ice-free place in the area. For this reason, the Gaußberg is an important landmark in the Antarctic coastal region.
The mountain cone made up of lamproites , which has no crater, is regarded as the eroded remnant of a once larger volcano that was formed by subglacial eruptions about 56,000 years ago .
The volcano forms the southeastern tip of the Gaußberg-Kerguelen ridge , which includes the Kerguelen as well as Heard and the McDonald Islands. Therefore it is always the subject of volcanological and geological research.
The Gaußberg was first sighted as a dark elevation on March 29, 1902 by Erich von Drygalski , the leader of the first German south polar expedition , when he rose in a tethered balloon . A few days later, Drygalski and his team went on an exploratory trip with a sledge to the elevation, about 80 km away. The volcano was explored and measured during a total of 13 days. They named it - like the research ship of the expedition - after the mathematician and geodesist Carl Friedrich Gauß .
Web links
- Gaussberg in the Geographic Names Information System of the United States Geological Survey
- Gaussberg in the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution (English).
- Website of a Gaußberg expedition
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nadezhda M. Sushchevskaya et al .: Geochemical Features of the Quaternary Lavas Lamproitic of Gaussberg Volcano, East Antarctica: Result of the Impact of the Kerguelen Plume . In: Geochemistry International . tape 52 , no. 12 . Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., December 2014, ISSN 0016-7029 , p. 1030-1048 , doi : 10.1134 / S0016702914120106 (English, freely available online through researchgate.net ).