patience
The word patience (also anciently: long-suffering ) describes the ability to wait or to endure something. Often patience is seen as a virtue ; its opposite is impatience .
Those who are willing to live with unsatisfied longings and unfulfilled desires or consciously put them on hold proves to be patient . This ability is closely related to the ability to hope . He is also patient who endures difficulties, suffering or annoying situations with serenity and steadfastness.
origin
Patience goes back to the ancient Germanic verbal abstract ga-thuldis . The verb has long been lost. It probably had the Indo-European verb root tol or tla (to carry , to endure ). The root is found in the Latin verb fero, tuli, latum (from ferre ), which means 'to bring' and 'to carry'. The Greek words τλάω (τλῆναι) tláō (tlänai) , German 'endure' , τολμάω (τολμᾶν) tolmáō (tolmān) , German 'dare' and πόλτλας, πολύτλας, polýtlas ' belong in this context , German polólytlas . However, the German verb to tolerate must not be placed in the series of these old forms; it was only later derived from patience . The term tolerate has found its way into scientific Italian as a foreign word .
Patience in denominations and other religions
Bible
Patience is a fruit of the Holy Spirit ( Galatians 5 : 22-23 ESV ).
In his translation of the New Testament, Martin Luther always reproduces the Greek word ὑπομονή hypomonē (literally: 'to stay below ') with patience . In some places ( Romans 2,4 LUT ; 1 Timothy 1,16 LUT ; 2 Peter 3,9.15 LUT ; Hebrews 6,12 LUT ; James 5,10 LUT ) Luther also uses the word patience as a translation of the Greek μαϰροϑυμία makrothymía (literally: 'long-suffering', figuratively: ' perseverance '). Neither Greek word has anything to do with patience in phonetic history, but they describe clearly what patience is about.
Islam
In the Koran believing Muslims are asked in numerous passages to be patient - Arabic صبر, DMG Ṣabr 'patience, long-suffering' - to practice. For example, in the second sura in verse 153 it says: “Believers! Seek help in patience and prayer! God is with those who are patient "and in the third sura in verse 200:" Believers! Exercise patience and try to be steadfast and firm! And fear God! Perhaps you will (then) fare well. "
Derivatives
While the terms Tuldung and tolerable, derived from patience, can already be proven in the 17th century, the word Tuldsamkeit was only created in the 18th century as a translation of the foreign word tolerance . The term tolerator also only appeared in the 18th century. It is found primarily in Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock's work , later also in hymns in which Jesus Christ is primarily referred to as the sufferer . Johann Heinrich Voss introduced the term tolerator into common usage . In his translation of Homer's Odyssey , he names Odysseus as a “marvelous sufferer”. Emperor Frederick the Third was referred to as "sufferer on the throne".
See also
literature
- Friso Melzer : From the Christian vocabulary of the German tongue (= Helmut Thielicke [Hrsg.]: Research of the Evangelical Academy. DNB 579850943 ). Tübingen 1947.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rudi Paret : The Koran. Translation by Rudi Paret. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-17-019829-6 , pp. 26, 59.