Generalgouvernement Niederrhein
The Generalgouvernement Niederrhein was a provisional administrative unit from 1814, which replaced the departments of Roer , Niedermaas and Ourthe on the left bank of the Rhine , which were located within the central administrative departments and previously created by the French . It existed from March 10th to June 15th, 1814.
history
With the defeat in the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig in 1813, the collapse of French rule on German territory became apparent. Remnants of the French army had withdrawn and withdrew to the left bank of the Rhine. As early as January 1814, the Allied Powers in Basel decided on new general government on the Left Bank of the Rhine , which was to be preceded by a central administration. In January 1814, the French military and high-ranking members of the administrative authorities left the Rhineland before the advancing allies.
Creation of the General Government
From the conquered area, the allied powers first formed the central administration department, the direction of which was transferred to Freiherr vom Stein .
The Paris peace treaty of May 30, 1814 included the restoration of the French borders of January 1, 1792. In order to create a new administration, the territory was then divided into the Central and Lower Rhine General Governments . Johann August Sack took over the management of the Generalgouvernements Niederrhein based in Aachen , which was placed under the Prussian administration after the Peace of Paris . Shortly after the French withdrew, all French seals in the Roerdepartement were abolished by order of the Governor General Sack on March 11, 1814 . According to this order, the authorities introduced new seals with the inscription of the Generalgouvernement Niederrhein. The administrative area of the Generalgouvernement comprised the previous territory of the departments Roer , Niedermaas and Ourthe with about 1.3 million inhabitants. On June 16, 1814, the Generalgouvernement Niederrhein was merged with the part of the Generalgouvernement Mittelrhein lying to the left of the Moselle to form the Generalgouvernement Nieder- and Mittelrhein .
Transition to the Rhine Province
The Generalgouvernement Nieder- and Mittelrhein and the Generalgouvernement Berg , which were under Prussian administration, were put under the management of Sacks.
From this amalgamation of the previous General Governments connected with the replacement of Sacks, the provinces of the Grand Duchy of Lower Rhine and Jülich-Kleve-Berg emerged on April 22, 1816 . The administration of this area was taken over by Count Solms-Laubach , who was already active in the initial central administration under Freiherr vom Stein . He became President of the new province based in Koblenz . Jülich-Kleve-Berg and the Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine subsequently became the Prussian Rhine Province, created in 1822 .
literature
- Georg Mölich / Veit Veltzke / Bernd Walter: Rhineland, Westphalia and Prussia - a relationship story , Aschendorff-Verlag Münster, 2011, ISBN 978-3-402-12793-3
- Karl Stommel : The beginnings of the Euskirchen district. In: Local calendar of the Euskirchen district 1966.
- Fritz Wündisch : Mosaic stones on the history of an old city in Cologne. Cologne 1987, ISBN 3-7927-0893-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b F. WA Schlickeysen: Repertory of laws and ordinances for the royal. Prussian Rhine provinces , Leistenschneider, Trier 1830, p. 13 ( online edition at dilibri )
- ^ A b c Archive NRW: Description of the Generalgouvernement of the Lower and Middle Rhine Access, October 1, 2011
- ^ Karl Stommel: The beginnings of the Euskirchen district. In: Local calendar of the Euskirchen district 1966
- ↑ a b Fritz Wündisch: mosaic stones. Pp. 253, 254
- ^ Sabine Graumann: French administration on the Lower Rhine. P. 238