Generalgouvernement Frankfurt
The Generalgouvernement Frankfurt (former official name: General-Gouvernement des Großherzogthums Frankfurt und des Fürstenthums Isenburg) was established in 1813 during the Wars of Liberation as an administrative organization of the anti-Napoleonic allies to administer the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , which was conquered in the war against Napoleon . It existed until 1815. The General Frankfurt was the organizational part of central administrative department for the occupied territories (French. Département d'Administration Central temporaire ) first Central Board called.
organization
The Freiherr von Stein proposed to the Russian Emperor Alexander I , a central administrative authority as an occupying authority, procurement office for money, weapons and soldiers in front. In the Leipzig Convention of October 21, 1813 after the victorious Battle of the Nations , the new authority was founded by representatives from Austria , Russia, Prussia, Great Britain and Sweden . Initially organized as a central administrative council, the institution was now placed under the direction of Stein as a central administrative department, which received its instructions from a diplomatic council made up of envoys from all allies.
A total of seven general governorates were established in the occupied territories. In addition to the Generalgouvernement of Frankfurt, this included the Generalgouvernement of Saxony , the Generalgouvernement between Weser and Rhine under Ludwig von Vincke , based in Münster, and the Generalgouvernement of Berg , based in Düsseldorf , initially under Justus Gruner . Some time later the Generalgouvernement Mittelrhein was formed with its seat in Trier , the capital of which was then settled in Koblenz and finally in Mainz .
While most of the General Government were under Prussian control, the General Government of Frankfurt was under Austrian control.
Temporal course
After the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig, Karl Theodor von Dalberg abdicated as Grand Duke of Frankfurt on October 28, 1813. After the French military left the city of Frankfurt am Main on November 2, 1813, the Grand Duchy was transferred to the General Government of Frankfurt together with the Principality of Isenburg and the Lower County of Katzenelnbogen ( Pays réservé de Catzenellenbogen ), which was previously under French administration , The appointment of the Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal Prince Philipp von Hessen-Homburg as Governor General also took place on that day. As early as December 14, 1813, Frankfurt's imperial city constitution was provisionally restored. In the period that followed, Frankfurt was largely able to regain its independence. The central administration department for the occupied territories under Freiherr vom Stein, residing in Frankfurt , was dissolved in July 1814. In 1815, according to the resolutions of the Congress of Vienna , Frankfurt became a free city and seat of the Bundestag of the German Confederation . The Hanau department, which is also part of the Generalgouvernement, and most of the Fulda department came to Kurhessen , the former imperial city of Wetzlar fell to Prussia and small parts of the former Fulda area to the Kingdom of Bavaria and Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach .
literature
- Walther Hubatsch: The Stein-Hardenberg reforms. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1989 ISBN 3-534-05357-5 p. 197ff.
- Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries: the German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. Munich: Beck, 1988 ISBN 3-406-54986-1 .