Georg Grünberg

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Georg Dietrich Grünberg (born October 10, 1906 in Freiburg / Elbe ; † January 13, 1976 in Wischhafen ) was a German SS-Obersturmführer and employed as camp leader of the Dachau outposts in Friedrichshafen , Saulgau and Aufkirch .

Life

After attending secondary school in Freiburg (1913–1922), Grünberg, son of a district chimney sweep , completed a traineeship in an industrial company (1922–1924). He then studied electrical engineering in Altenburg and Zwickau , got his diploma in 1927 and was unemployed from then on. In 1929 he completed a radio operator course at the nautical school and then went to sea ​​as a radio operator on a merchant ship for a year. After becoming unemployed again, Grünberg went into business for himself in 1932 and opened an inn in Wischhafen .

Station 8.7 of the Friedrichshafen history trail at the acceptance point in Raderach

From November 1, 1931, Grünberg was a member of the NSDAP ( membership  no . 690386), the Sturmabteilung (SA) and the Schutzstaffel (SS; ID no. 23860). First he was involved in the local politics of the NSDAP in his hometown.

At the beginning of the Second World War , as a member of the SS Totenkopf division , he took part in the attack on Poland and the campaign in the west . After "training" from April 1941, including in Oranienburg, from August 1942 he was the leader of the training company in the Auschwitz concentration camp . From September 1943 he worked in the Dachau satellite camps in Friedrichshafen , Saulgau and Überlingen .

1202 prisoners in Friedrichshafen under Grünberg produced individual parts of the unit 4 , a rocket that became known under the propaganda designation "Retaliation Weapon 2 (V2)" . In December 1944 Georg Grünberg was replaced as camp manager by Untersturmführer Ludwig Geiß .

Only after the camp in Raderach was closed and his successor took over command in Saulgau, Grünberg was solely responsible for the camp in Überlingen. Until its dissolution, he headed this as a strict, arrogant and bloodthirsty superior who was described as a "mass murderer".

"He literally walked over corpses."

- Alfred Hübsch in his unpublished manuscript: "The island of stand rights"

          characterization

"1. Personality
     assessment : ( strengths of character and weaknesses, tendencies, addictions) nerdy nature, well-groomed, erratic, energetic.
2. Mental and physical disposition, professional knowledge and performance:
    mentally active, flexible. - Medium in size and slim. - Good knowledge of infantry, also good knowledge and skills Services as camp leader
3. Appearance and behavior towards superiors, comrades, subordinates - behavior
    outside of duty : Soldier, behavior in and outside of duty impeccable, popular among comrades.
4. Philosophical orientation - convincing u. Free type of lecture:
    consolidated ideology. Convincing free presentation style
5. Probation in front of the enemy, specialist in a special field: Will the current position be filled ?:
    Front-line deployment. - Not a specialist. - The current position is filled out.
6. Suitability for the next higher or other use: Indication of undeleted penalties,
    camp or company leader. Without penalties.
7. Have the deficiencies listed in the assessment been disclosed to the assessor:
    No. "

- Personnel file of the Waffen-SS in the Dachau concentration camp, August 11th / 19th September 1944

Shortly before the end of the war , he accompanied the prisoners being transported back from Überlingen to the Allach subcamp and then fled to the alleged “ Alpine fortress ”. Grünberg then made his way to northern Germany in civilian clothes. Then he continued to run his restaurant.

When denazification in 1950, Grünberg was classified as a follower . Investigations against Grünberg, which were ongoing in the 1950s and 1960s, were "closed due to a lack of justified suspicion" on December 13, 1965 by the public prosecutor at Munich II Regional Court.

Georg Grünberg, married since 1939 and father of four sons, died - without ever having been convicted of his crimes - on January 13, 1976 in Wischhafen on the Elbe .

literature

  • Oswald Burger: The Stollen . Ed .: Association of Documentation Center Goldbacher Stollen and Aufkirch concentration camp in Überlingen eV 12th edition. Edition Isele, Eggingen 2017, ISBN 978-3-86142-087-3 , p. 39 ff .
  • Oswald Burger: Georg Grünberg, concentration camp commandant from Lake Constance: "Nerd nature, well-groomed, erratic, energetic". In: Wolfgang Proske (Hrsg.): Perpetrators helpers free riders. Nazi victims from Baden-Württemberg . tape 9 , victims of the Nazi regime from the south of what is now Baden-Württemberg. Kugelberg Verlag, Gerstetten 2018, ISBN 978-3-945893-10-4 , pp. 107 ff .
  • Ernst Klee : Auschwitz. Perpetrators, accomplices, victims and what became of them. A dictionary of persons , S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2013, ISBN 978-3-10-039333-3 .
  • Wolfgang Benz , Barbara Distel (ed.): The place of terror . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 2: Early camp, Dachau, Emsland camp. CH Beck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-406-52962-3

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to the personal file in the Federal Archives Berlin (BDC), Grünberg died in Wischhafen at the end of the 1960s. See Wolfgang Benz, Barbara Distel (ed.): The place of terror . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 2: Early camps, Dachau, Emslandlager , Munich 2005, pp. 515, 517
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Benz, Barbara Distel (ed.): The place of terror . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 2: Early camps, Dachau, Emslandlager , Munich 2005, p. 329
  3. ↑ Arbeiter-Zeitung. Daily newspaper of the working people. Organ of the Socialist Workers' Party of the Canton of Schaffhausen, Volume 27, No. 76, March 31, 1945; accessed on September 16, 2017
  4. ↑ Article The Truth About Dark Ages . In: Südkurier , December 12, 2014; accessed on September 16, 2017
  5. ↑ " Prisoners Remember " in: "The Überlinger Stollen on the Internet"; accessed on September 15, 2017
  6. ↑ Oswald Burger: The tunnel . 12th edition. Edition Isele, Eggingen 2017, ISBN 978-3-86142-087-3 , p. 48 f .
  7. ↑ Wolfgang Benz, Barbara Distel (ed.): The place of terror . History of the National Socialist Concentration Camps. Volume 2: Early camps, Dachau, Emslandlager , Munich 2005, pp. 515f.
personal data
SURNAME Grünberg, Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Grünberg, Georg Dietrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German SS-Obersturmführer and concentration camp leader
DATE OF BIRTH October 10, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Freiburg / Elbe
DATE OF DEATH January 13, 1976
Place of death Wischhafen