Georg Schwarzenberger (international lawyer)

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Georg Schwarzenberger (born May 20, 1908 in Heilbronn , † September 20, 1991 in Harpenden, Hertfordshire , United Kingdom ) was a German-British international lawyer .

Life

Georg Schwarzenberger grew up in Heilbronn, attended the Karls-Gymnasium there and then studied law in Heidelberg, Frankfurt, Berlin, Tübingen, Paris and London. 1929/30 he was at Carlo Schmid in Tübingen with a dissertation on the Mandatory Palestine to Dr. iur. PhD . He was a member of the SPD and was involved in the 1932/33 election campaigns against the National Socialists . After they came to power , he was dismissed from his legal clerkship in December 1933 because of his Jewish descent and his commitment to social democracy . Schwarzenberger was a student of the legal philosopher and Heidelberg professor Gustav Radbruch and was promoted by him; the National Socialists considered him "confidante of the SPD bigwig Radbruch". As Schwarzenberger the admission to the concentration camp Heuberg threatened, he fled with his non-Jewish wife Susanna Schwarzenberger first in the Switzerland , and both then emigrated in 1934 to Great Britain . Later he, like his wife - the first legal assistant in Heidelberg - was assigned to the so-called "generation of assistants" for the emigration of scientists during the National Socialist era , as he did not yet have an academic reputation and did not have broader contacts in scientific circles . In 1940 he was interned as an enemy alien for a few months.

1936 doctorate Schwarzenberger in London to Dr. phil. From 1938 to 1945 he was a lecturer for International Law and Relations at the University of London . In 1939, in National Socialist Germany, his German citizenship and the German doctorate degree were revoked. His parents, brother and sister and their children, with the exception of one niece, were murdered by the National Socialists. Schwarzenberger cut off his religious roots after emigrating and joined the United Reformed Church . From 1945 to 1962 he was reader for International Law at the University of London, from 1962 to 1975 he was professor there, and since 1975 emeritus . From 1934 to 1943 Schwarzenberger was Secretary at the London Institute of World Affairs , from 1943 to 1962 Director of Studies, from 1962 to 1983 Director and from 1983 Vice-President. In 1955 he was admitted as a Barrister-at-Law by the Gray's Inn Bar Association .

One of the central aspects of Schwarzenberger's scientific approaches was the tension between international law and politics . Despite his anchoring in German international law theory of the first half of the 20th century, this made him an outsider in international law. His power-political conception of international law is now assigned to the realistic school of international relations and connects him with names such as Hans Morgenthau and Henry Kissinger .

Georg Schwarzenberger was married to Susanna Schwarzenberger from 1931 until his death, the couple's son was the mathematics professor Rolph Ludwig Edward Schwarzenberger (1936–1992).

Works (selection)

  • The League of Nations Mandate for Palestine , 1929
  • The Constitution of the Spanish Republic , 1933
  • Power Politics, A Study of World Society , 1941
  • International Law , 3 volumes, 1945–1976
  • A Manual of International Law , 1947 (6th ed. 1976)
  • The Dynamics of International Law , 1976

Literature (selection)

  • Stephanie Steinle:  Schwarzenberger, Georg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0 , p. 26 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Stephanie Steinle: Experienced power politics and researched international law. Georg Schwarzenberger (1908–1991) . In: Christhard Schrenk , Heilbronn City Archives (ed.): Heilbronner Köpfe. Life pictures from four centuries. Volume 4, Heilbronn 2007 (Small series of publications from the Heilbronn Archives, 52), ISBN 9783928990998 , pp. 219–234.
  • Stephanie Steinle: Georg Schwarzenberger (1908–1991) . In: Jack Beatson, Reinhard Zimmermann (Ed.): Jurists uprooted. German-speaking émigré lawyers in twentieth century Britain . Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-927058-9 , pp. 663-680. (Biography, english)
  • Stephanie Steinle: International Law and Power Politics. Georg Schwarzenberger (1908–1991) . Nomos Verlag, Baden-Baden 2002 (= Studies on the History of International Law, Vol. 3), ISBN 3-7890-7904-9 .
  • LC Green: Georg Schwarzenberger (1908-1991) . American Journal of International Law, Vol. 86, 1992. (English)
  • Maurice Mendelson: In Memoriam Georg Schwarzenberger . 63 British Year Book of International Law (1992), xxii-xxvi. (English)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Peter Benöhr: Review of the book: Jurists uprooted (Ed .: Jack Beatson, Reinhard Zimmermann; Oxford 2004). In: Internet reviews. Prof. Dr. Gerhard Köbler, University of Innsbruck, accessed on July 19, 2010 .
  2. ↑ a b International Law and Power Politics. Georg Schwarzenberger (1908–1991). In: table of contents. Max Planck Institute for European Legal History , archived from the original on May 12, 2011 ; Retrieved September 16, 2012 .
  3. ^ A b Stephanie Steinle: Georg Schwarzenberger (1908–1991) . In: Jurists uprooted . Oxford 2004, pp. 663-680. (Biography, english)
  4. ^ Arthur Kaufmann (ed.), Günter Spendel (arrangement): Radbruch, Gustav. Complete edition. Vol. 18, letters. - 2. (1919-1949) . Müller, Heidelberg 1995, ISBN 3-8114-4794-7 , p. 402.
personal data
SURNAME Schwarzenberger, Georg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-British international lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH May 20, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Heilbronn
DATE OF DEATH 20th September 1991
Place of death Harpenden , United Kingdom