George B. Mackaness
George Bellamy Mackaness (born August 20, 1922 in Sydney , † March 4, 2007 in Charleston , South Carolina ) was an Australian pathologist and immunologist .
Mackaness studied medicine at the University of Sydney , with a bachelor's degree and an MD degree in 1945. He then continued his specialist training at Sydney Hospital and graduated in 1948 from the University of London with a degree in clinical pathology. He then made a master's degree (1949) and received his doctorate in 1953 from the University of Oxford in the William Dunn School of Pathology with Howard Florey . In 1954 he went to Canberra as an assistant professor , where he established a department of clinical pathology at the Australian National University . 1959/60 he was at Rockefeller University . From 1962 he was professor of microbiology at the University of Adelaide . In 1965 he became director of the Trudeau Institute at Saranac Lake , New York and in 1976 President of the Squibb Institute of Medical Research at Princetown . In 1987 he retired and moved to the Charleston area.
Mackaness initially studied the immune system's response to intracellular bacteria in tuberculosis , but in the 1960s turned to Listeria bacteria, which were easier to study. In doing so, he discovered the phenomenon he called activation of macrophages . Macrophages from mice infected with Listeria , when they were transferred to non-infected mice, fought the infection there more effectively than the body's own macrophages. It was later discovered that messenger substances called lymphokines play a role.
In 1975 he received the Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize and in 1998 the Novartis Prize for Clinical Immunology. In 1976 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society and was a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .
He had been married since 1945 and had one child.
Individual evidence
- ↑ career data by Robert North, obituary in tuberculosis, Volume 87, 2007, p 391 and American Men and Women of Science , Thomson Gale 2004 online on deepdyve.com in English
- ↑ Originally founded in 1884 as a tuberculosis institute
- ↑ That is, taken up by macrophages by phagocytosis , but not killed
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mackaness, George B. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Mackaness, George Bellamy (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Australian immunologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 20, 1922 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sydney |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 4, 2007 |
| Place of death | Charleston , South Carolina |