Germanos II Nauplios

Germanos II. Nauplios ( Middle Greek Γερμανός Β΄ Ναύπλιος ; † June 1240 ) was Patriarch of Constantinople in exile in Nikaia (1223-1240).

Life

Germanos was born in Anaplous , now part of Beşiktaş . He was a deacon in Hagia Sophia in Constantinople . After the conquest of Constantinople by the Crusaders in 1204, he went to a monastery in Achyraous .

On January 4, 1223 he was installed as Patriarch of Constantinople in the Nikaia Empire . Germanos supported John III. Vatatzes in his efforts to restore the power of the Byzantine emperor. Germanos criticized bishops in the despotate of Epirus for their position in the political power struggles of the time. In 1225/27 Demetrios Chomatos , as Archbishop of Ohrid, carried out the coronation of Theodor Komnenos Doukas as (counter) emperor of Thessaloniki . From 1232 Germanos was recognized as head again by the bishops of Epiros.

Germanos was very critical of the position of the Catholic Church in Constantinople . In 1232 he had a delegation of Franciscans in Rome ask for an understanding and proposed an ecumenical council to restore the unity of the churches. In 1234 a delegation of Franciscans and Dominicans appeared in Nikaia. An interdenominational disputatio (March to May 1234) in Nymphaion was broken off after the Byzantine-Bulgarian attack (1234-1236) on Latin rule in Constantinople.

In 1235 Germanos recognized the patriarchate of Bulgaria , which had submitted to him. The Serbian Church was recognized by him as autocephalous (independent).

Germanos died in June 1240.

literature

• Michael Angold: Byzantium in exile. In: David Abulafia (Ed.): The New Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. 5 (1198-1300), Cambridge University Press, 1999, pp. 543-568, ISBN 0-521-36289-X .
• Alexios G. Savvides, Benjamin Hendrickx (Eds.): Encyclopaedic Prosopographical Lexicon of Byzantine History and Civilization . Vol. 3: Faber Felix - Juwayni, Al- . Brepols Publishers, Turnhout 2012, ISBN 978-2-503-53243-1 , pp. 107-108.
• M. Stavrou: Rassembler et rénover une église en crise: la politique ecclésiale du patriarche Germain II (1223-1240) . In: MH Blanchet [u. a.]: Le patriarcat oecuménique de Constantinople et Byzance hors frontières . Paris 2014, 23–36.

predecessor	Office	successor
Manuel I.	Patriarch of Constantinople 1223–1240	Methodios II.